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TGF-β-induced apoptosis of B-cell lymphoma Ramos cells through reduction of MS4A1/CD20

Abstract

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) exhibits growth inhibitory effects on various types of tumor cells, including B-cell lymphoma cells. In the present study, the role of TGF-β in the survival of Epstein–Barr virus-negative B-cell lymphoma Ramos cells was investigated. As TGF-β-induced apoptosis of Ramos cells in vitro and in vivo, we attempted to identify novel target gene(s) responsible for their survival. Oligonucleotide microarray analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that Smad proteins directly regulated the transcription of membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1 (MS4A1), also known as CD20, in Ramos cells upon TGF-β stimulation. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis using clinical samples from B-cell lymphoma patients showed an inverse correlation between the expression of MS4A1/CD20 and phosphorylation of Smad3. Although knockdown of MS4A1/CD20 in Ramos cells resulted in an increase of apoptotic cells, Ramos cells stably expressing MS4A1/CD20 were resistant to TGF-β-induced apoptosis. This suggests that MS4A1/CD20 is responsible for TGF-β-induced apoptosis of B-cell lymphoma cells. Moreover, downregulation of MS4A1/CD20 by TGF-β attenuated the effects of the monoclonal anti-MS4A1/CD20 antibody, rituximab, on Ramos cells. Our findings suggest that the sensitivity of B-cell lymphoma cells to rituximab may be affected by TGF-β signaling.

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Acknowledgements

We thank D Koinuma (the University of Tokyo) and Y Morishita (the University of Tokyo) for technical assistance and H Miyoshi (RIKEN) for the lentiviral vectors. This work was supported by KAKENHI (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas ‘Integrative Research on Cancer Microenvironment Network’ (to KM) Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (to SE)) and the Global Center of Excellence Program ‘Integrative Life Science Based on the Study of Biosignaling Mechanisms’ from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). This work was also supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Core-to-Core Program ‘Cooperative International Framework in TGF-β Family Signaling’.

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Correspondence to K Miyazono.

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Kawabata, K., Ehata, S., Komuro, A. et al. TGF-β-induced apoptosis of B-cell lymphoma Ramos cells through reduction of MS4A1/CD20. Oncogene 32, 2096–2106 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2012.219

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