In a new study, Tang et al. report that patients with kidney stones might have their own particular gut microbiome. The researchers found significant differences in the abundance of various bacterial genera between 13 patients with kidney stones and 13 healthy matched controls. The presence of kidney stones was associated with an increased abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria such as Megamonas, Phascolarctobacterium, Escherichia–Shigella, and Sutterella.