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Parkinson disease

Depression—risk factor or early symptom in Parkinson disease?

Nature Reviews Neurology volume 11, pages 432–433 (2015)Cite this article

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A large study corroborates the link between depression and increased risk of subsequent Parkinson disease (PD), but whether depression is a risk factor for or a prodromal symptom of PD remains a conundrum. Consideration of nonbiological risk factors and disorders associated with depression aside from PD could elucidate this complex relationship.

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, Netherlands

    Albert F. Leentjens

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  1. Albert F. Leentjens
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Correspondence to Albert F. Leentjens.

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The author declares no competing financial interests.

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Leentjens, A. Depression—risk factor or early symptom in Parkinson disease?. Nat Rev Neurol 11, 432–433 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2015.126

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