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Detecting protein–protein interactions by far western blotting

Abstract

Far western blotting (WB) was derived from the standard WB method to detect protein–protein interactions in vitro. In Far WB, proteins in a cell lysate containing prey proteins are firstly separated by SDS or native PAGE, and transferred to a membrane, as in a standard WB. The proteins in the membrane are then denatured and renatured. The membrane is then blocked and probed, usually with purified bait protein(s). The bait proteins are detected on spots in the membrane where a prey protein is located if the bait proteins and the prey protein together form a complex. Compared with other biochemical binding assays, Far WB allows prey proteins to be endogenously expressed without purification. Unlike most methods using cell lysates (e.g., co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP)) or living cells (e.g., fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET)), Far WB determines whether two proteins bind to each other directly. Furthermore, in cases where they bind to each other indirectly, Far WB allows the examination of candidate protein(s) that form a complex between them. Typically, 2–3 d are required to carry out the experiment.

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Figure 1
Figure 2: Expression and purification of polypeptides.
Figure 3: Far western blotting (WB):KIF3BC bridges the association between PC2C and FPCC.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Kidney Foundation of Canada. X.-Z.C. is a Senior Scholar of the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research.

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Correspondence to Xing-Zhen Chen.

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Wu, Y., Li, Q. & Chen, XZ. Detecting protein–protein interactions by far western blotting. Nat Protoc 2, 3278–3284 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2007.459

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