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Translation correlations in anisotropically scattering media

Nature Physics volume 11, pages 684–689 (2015)Cite this article

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Abstract

Controlling light propagation across scattering media by wavefront shaping holds great promise for a wide range of communications and imaging applications. But, finding the right shape for the wavefront is a challenge when the mapping between input and output scattered wavefronts (that is, the transmission matrix) is not known. Correlations in transmission matrices, especially the so-called memory effect, have been exploited to address this limitation. However, the traditional memory effect applies to thin scattering layers at a distance from the target, which precludes its use within thick scattering media, such as fog and biological tissue. Here, we theoretically predict and experimentally verify new transmission matrix correlations within thick anisotropically scattering media, with important implications for biomedical imaging and adaptive optics.

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Figure 1: The traditional memory effect.
Figure 2: Correlations within transmission matrices (simulated).
Figure 3: Experimental validation.
Figure 4: Using shift/shift correlations for focusing.
Figure 5: Comparison between shift/shift correlations and adaptive optics microscopy.

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Acknowledgements

We thank I. Freund, R. Chen and M. Jang for discussions and for providing very helpful feedback on this manuscript. This work was supported by the German Research Foundation, DFG (EXC 257 NeuroCure), NIH 1DP2OD007307-01 and the Wellcome Trust (WT092197MA).

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Author notes

  1. Benjamin Judkewitz and Roarke Horstmeyer: These authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Exzellenzcluster NeuroCure, Charité Berlin, Humboldt University, Charitéstr. 1 10117 Berlin, Germany,

    Benjamin Judkewitz & Ioannis N. Papadopoulos

  2. Departments of Electrical and Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Boulevard Pasadena, California 91125, USA,

    Benjamin Judkewitz, Roarke Horstmeyer & Changhuei Yang

  3. MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, PO Box 217 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands,

    Ivo M. Vellekoop

Authors
  1. Benjamin Judkewitz
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  3. Ivo M. Vellekoop
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  4. Ioannis N. Papadopoulos
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  5. Changhuei Yang
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Contributions

B.J. and R.H. conceived and developed the idea with essential help from I.M.V. B.J. and I.N.P. performed experiments. B.J., R.H. and I.M.V. wrote the manuscript. R.H. and I.M.V. wrote the mathematical supplement with help from B.J. B.J. and C.Y. supervised the project.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Benjamin Judkewitz.

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The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Judkewitz, B., Horstmeyer, R., Vellekoop, I. et al. Translation correlations in anisotropically scattering media. Nature Phys 11, 684–689 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3373

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