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Probing Planck-scale physics with quantum optics

Nature Physics volume 8, pages 393–397 (2012)Cite this article

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Abstract

One of the main challenges in physics today is to merge quantum theory and the theory of general relativity into a unified framework. Researchers are developing various approaches towards such a theory of quantum gravity, but a major hindrance is the lack of experimental evidence of quantum gravitational effects. Yet, the quantization of spacetime itself can have experimental implications: the existence of a minimal length scale is widely expected to result in a modification of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation. Here we introduce a scheme to experimentally test this conjecture by probing directly the canonical commutation relation of the centre-of-mass mode of a mechanical oscillator with a mass close to the Planck mass. Our protocol uses quantum optical control and readout of the mechanical system to probe possible deviations from the quantum commutation relation even at the Planck scale. We show that the scheme is within reach of current technology. It thus opens a feasible route for table-top experiments to explore possible quantum gravitational phenomena.

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Figure 1: The quantum uncertainty relation and a quantum gravitational modification.
Figure 2: Changes to the optical field following the pulsed optomechanical interactions.
Figure 3: Proposed experimental set-up to probe deformations of the canonical commutator of a macroscopic mechanical resonator.

Change history

  • 26 March 2012

    In the version of this Article originally published online, ref. 5 was incorrect. This has been corrected in all versions of the Article.

  • 10 April 2012

    In the version of this Article originally published online, the experimental parameters for testing equations (1) and (3) given in Table 2 and subsequently used in the text on the same page were incorrect. These errors have been corrected in all versions of the Article.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Royal Society, by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, by the European Comission (Quantum InterfacES, SENsors, and Communication based on Entanglement (Q-ESSENCE)), by the European Research Council Quantum optomechanics: quantum foundations and quantum information on the micro- and nanoscale (QOM), by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) (Complex Quantum Systems (CoQuS), START program, Special Research Programs (SFB) Foundations and Applications of Quantum Science (FoQuS)), by the Foundational Questions Institute and by the John Templeton Foundation. M.R.V. is a recipient of a DOC fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. I.P. and M.R.V are members of the FWF Doctoral Programme CoQuS and they are grateful for the kind hospitality provided by Imperial College London. The authors thank S. Das, S. Gielen, H. Grosse, A. Kempf, W. T. Kim and J. Lee for discussions.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ), Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria

    Igor Pikovski, Michael R. Vanner & Markus Aspelmeyer

  2. Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria

    Igor Pikovski, Michael R. Vanner, Markus Aspelmeyer & Časlav Brukner

  3. Quantum Optics and Laser Science (QOLS) group, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, SW7 2BW, UK

    M. S. Kim

  4. Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Boltzmanngasse 3, A-1090 Vienna, Austria

    Časlav Brukner

Authors
  1. Igor Pikovski
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  2. Michael R. Vanner
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  4. M. S. Kim
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Contributions

I.P. and M.S.K. conceived the research, which was further developed by Č.B. and all co-authors. M.R.V. conceived the experimental scheme. M.A. analysed the feasibility of the scheme with input from all co-authors. All authors performed the research under the supervision of Č.B. and all authors wrote the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Igor Pikovski or M. S. Kim.

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Pikovski, I., Vanner, M., Aspelmeyer, M. et al. Probing Planck-scale physics with quantum optics. Nature Phys 8, 393–397 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2262

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