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  • Review Article
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Nonlinear plasmonics

Nature Photonics volume 6, pages 737–748 (2012)Cite this article

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Abstract

When light interacts with metal nanostructures, it can couple to free-electron excitations near the metal surface. The electromagnetic resonances associated with these surface plasmons depend on the details of the nanostructure, opening up opportunities for controlling light confinement on the nanoscale. The resulting strong electromagnetic fields allow weak nonlinear processes, which depend superlinearly on the local field, to be significantly enhanced. In addition to providing enhanced nonlinear effects with ultrafast response times, plasmonic nanostructures allow nonlinear optical components to be scaled down in size. In this Review, we discuss the principles of nonlinear plasmonic effects and present an overview of their main applications, including frequency conversion, switching and modulation of optical signals, and soliton effects.

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Figure B1: Photon diagrams for common nonlinear processes
Figure B2: Examples of plasmonic structures.
Figure 1: Examples of individual metal nanostructures for enhancing nonlinear effects.
Figure 2: Examples of structured metal surfaces for nonlinear plasmonics.
Figure 3: Plasmonic systems for enhancing nonlinear optical Kerr effect.
Figure 4: Controlling light with light in plasmonic nanostructures.

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  1. Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, PO Box 692, Tampere, FI-33101, Finland

    Martti Kauranen

  2. Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK

    Anatoly V. Zayats

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Kauranen, M., Zayats, A. Nonlinear plasmonics. Nature Photon 6, 737–748 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2012.244

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