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  • Perspective
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Evaluating nanotechnology opportunities and risks through integration of life-cycle and risk assessment

Nature Nanotechnology volume 12, pages 734–739 (2017)Cite this article

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Abstract

It has been some 15 years since the topics of sustainability and nanotechnologies first appeared together in the scientific literature and became a focus of organizations' research and policy developments. On the one hand, this focus is directed towards approaches and tools for risk assessment and management and on the other hand towards life-cycle thinking and assessment. Comparable to their application for regular chemicals, each tool is seen to serve separate objectives as it relates to evaluating nanotechnologies' safety or resource efficiency, respectively. While nanomaterials may provide resource efficient production and consumption, this must balance any potential hazards they pose across their life-cycles. This Perspective advocates for integrating these two tools at the methodological level for achieving this objective, and it explains what advantages and challenges this offers decision-makers while highlighting what research is needed to further enhance integration.

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Figure 1: Broad overview of the scope of life-cycle assessment (left) and of ecological or human health risk assessment (right).
Figure 2: Key aspects of life-cycle and risk assessment integration at the methodological level.
Figure 3: Two separate, one complementary and three integrated options for using of life-cycle assessment and risk assessment to evaluate nanotechnologies.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank and acknowledge the financial support of the University of Bordeaux, the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), LabEx AMADEus (ANR-10-LABX-42) in the framework of IdEx Bordeaux (ANR-10-IDEX-03-02) that is, the Investissements d'Avenir programme of the French government managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche, and the LCA Chair of the French Region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR 5255, Talence, F-33400, France

    Michael P. Tsang & Guido W. Sonnemann

  2. CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR 5255, Talence, F-33400, France

    Michael P. Tsang & Guido W. Sonnemann

  3. Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan

    Emi Kikuchi-Uehara & Masahiko Hirao

  4. CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, Pessac, F-33600, France

    Cyril Aymonier

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Correspondence to Guido W. Sonnemann.

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Tsang, M., Kikuchi-Uehara, E., Sonnemann, G. et al. Evaluating nanotechnology opportunities and risks through integration of life-cycle and risk assessment. Nature Nanotech 12, 734–739 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2017.132

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