Theorists have shown that the forces between atoms in an atomic-scale contact can do work when an electronic current is passed through it, opening up the possibility that current could be used to drive atomic-scale motors.
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Brandbyge, M. Atomic waterwheels go to work. Nature Nanotech 4, 81–82 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2008.413
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2008.413