A study now shows that variability in neuronal responses in the visual system mainly arises from slow fluctuations in excitability, presumably caused by factors of nonsensory origin, such as arousal, attention or anesthesia.
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Attentional fluctuations induce shared variability in macaque primary visual cortex
Nature Communications Open Access 09 July 2018
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Ecker, A., Tolias, A. Is there signal in the noise?. Nat Neurosci 17, 750–751 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3722
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3722
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Attentional fluctuations induce shared variability in macaque primary visual cortex
Nature Communications (2018)