Abstract
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is known to be involved in the dopaminergic neurodegeneration that occurs in the MPTP model of Parkinson disease. Recent studies indicate that different isoforms of NOS may act synergistically to cause neuronal injury in Parkinson disease and other neurodegenerative diseases (1403–1409).
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$189.00 per year
only $15.75 per issue
Rent or buy this article
Get just this article for as long as you need it
$39.95
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

References
Cramer, K.S., Leamey, C.A. & Sur, M. Nitric oxide as a signaling molecule in visual system development. Prog. Brain Res. 118, 101– 114 (1998).
Iadecola, C. Bright and dark sides of nitric oxide in ischemic brain injury. Trends. Neurosci. 20, 132–139 (1997).
Langston, J.W., Ballard, P., Tetrud, J.W. & Irwin, I. Chronic Parkinsonism in humans due to a product of meperidine-analog synthesis. Science 219, 979–980 (1983).
Mandir, A.S. et al. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation mediates 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 5774–5779 (1999).
Hantraye, P. et al. Inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase prevents MPTP-induced parkinsonism in baboons. Nature. Med. 2, 1017–1021 (1996).
Matthews, R.T. et al. MPP+ induced substantia nigra degeneration is attenuated in nNOS knockout mice. Neurobiol. Dis. 4, 114 –121 (1997).
Iadecola, C., et al. Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression in vascular cells after transient focal cerebral ischemia. Stroke 27, 1373–1380 (1996).
Langston, J.W. et al. Evidence of active nerve cell degeneration in the substantia nigra of humans years after 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine exposure. Ann. Neurol. 46, 598–605 (1999).
Hirsch, E.C., Hunot, S., Damier, P. & Faucheux, B. Glial cells and inflammation in Parkinson's disease: a role in neurodegeneration? Ann. Neurol. 44, S115–S120 (1998).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Grünewald, T., Beal, M. NOS knockouts and neuroprotection. Nat Med 5, 1354–1355 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1038/70918
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/70918