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Identification of MMP-1 as a putative breast cancer predictive marker by global gene expression analysis

Nature Medicine volume 11, pages 481–483 (2005)Cite this article

Abstract

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death for women in the United States. In 2005, about 215,000 cases of invasive breast cancer (IBC) and 50,000 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ will be diagnosed and 40,000 women will die of IBC in the US1. Yet there is presently no molecular marker that can be used to detect a precancerous state or identify which premalignant lesions will develop into invasive breast cancer. Here we report the gene expression analysis of atypical ductal hyperplastic tissues from patients with and without a history of breast cancer. We identify MMP-1 as a candidate marker that may be useful for identification of breast lesions that can develop into cancer.

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Figure 1: MMP-1 protein levels in breast tissues by IHC, MMP1 mRNA in ductal lavage by quantitative real-time RT-PCR.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from the National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health (R33 CA88347), Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation (BCTR0100473), and Department of Defense (DAMD 17-02-1-0409) awarded to I. Poola. R. Williams, A. Saunders, N. Sharma and B. Shokrani are acknowledged for their help in various portions of this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, 20059, D.C., USA

    Indira Poola & Jessy Abraham

  2. Surgical Oncology, Howard University Hospital, Washington, 20060, D.C, USA

    Robert L DeWitty & LaSalle D Leffall

  3. Pathology, Howard University Hospital, Washington, 20060, D.C, USA

    Josephine J Marshalleck

  4. Biology Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G2E9, Canada

    Rakesh Bhatnagar

Authors
  1. Indira Poola
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  2. Robert L DeWitty
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  3. Josephine J Marshalleck
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  4. Rakesh Bhatnagar
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  5. Jessy Abraham
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  6. LaSalle D Leffall
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Indira Poola.

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The authors declare no competing financial interests.

Supplementary information

Supplementary Fig. 1

Validation of gene expression by microarrays using quantitative real-time PCR. (PDF 85 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 2

Hierarchical clustering of unique genes having top 35 and bottom 35 ADHC/ADH ratios and 5 interesting genes (BCL.2A1, BIRC1, TACC3, CEACAM5 and TYMS) by centered correlation. (PDF 465 kb)

Supplementary Table 1

ADHC samples used for cDNA microarrays (PDF 21 kb)

Supplementary Table 2

Differentially expressed genes in ADHC in comparison with ADH and raw data (PDF 169 kb)

Supplementary Table 3

Ontologies of genes overexpressed in ADHC (PDF 15 kb)

Supplementary Table 4

Eleven functional categories of genes that are significantly up- or downregulated in ADHC tissues (PDF 24 kb)

Supplementary Table 5

MMP-1 protein expression in precancerous tissues (PDF 44 kb)

Supplementary Methods (PDF 22 kb)

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Poola, I., DeWitty, R., Marshalleck, J. et al. Identification of MMP-1 as a putative breast cancer predictive marker by global gene expression analysis. Nat Med 11, 481–483 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1243

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