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Can the thymus win the battle against drug-resistant HIV?

HIV isolates resistant to protease inhibitor treatment have an impaired ability to replicate in thymocytes, allowing T-cell production to continue despite the peripheral T-cell decline. Understanding the basis for cellular differences in HIV replication might teach us new ways to protect the immune system from highly pathogenic strains of HIV-1 (pages 712–718).

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Figure 1: Differences in signaling and cytokine production might explain the reduced ability of PI-resistant HIV to replicate in thymocytes, as compared with peripheral T cells.

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Haynes, B., Sempowski, G. Can the thymus win the battle against drug-resistant HIV?. Nat Med 7, 661–662 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/89028

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