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It is too early to tell. If the current adenovirus-based trials show some degree of protection or control of viral load, then we have a substantial beachhead from which to work.

Barton Haynes director Center for HIV-AIDS Vaccine Immunology

I think we will have something that modulates infection soon. [But] will we have something in a vial that's being distributed in the developing world? Highly unlikely.

Bruce Walker professor of medicine Harvard University

I give it about a 50/50 chance. I wouldn't rule it out. But a one-time therapeutic vaccine is not going to happen.

Gary Nabel director National Institutes of Health's Vaccine Research Center

I think that the chances of a partially effective vaccine being licensed for use in humans is low. Hopefully one will be in the pipeline.

Julie Overbaugh Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center

A traditional vaccine like smallpox or polio, I very much doubt it. But something that delays progression to AIDS, there's a reasonable chance of that.

Dennis Burton professor The Scripps Research Institute