Toll-like receptors respond to ligands embedded in pathogen-derived macromolecules to induce immune responses. Binding of a stimulatory ligand to preexisting dimers of Toll-like receptor 9 induces conformational changes that lead to their full activation.
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Kim, YM., Brinkmann, M. & Ploegh, H. TLRs bent into shape. Nat Immunol 8, 675–677 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1038/ni0707-675
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ni0707-675
