Abstract
It is part of the immunologic lexicon that Toll receptors are integral parts of the innate immune response machinery. What ligands they bind, however, is only now beginning to be elucidated.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$209.00 per year
only $17.42 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on SpringerLink
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
References
Medzhitov, R., Preston-Hurlburt, P. & Janeway, C. A. Jr Nature 388, 394–397 (1997).
Yang, R. B. et al. Nature 395, 284–288 (1998).
Kirschning, C. J., Wesche, H., Ayres, T. M. & Rothe, M. J. Exp. Med. 188, 2091–2097 (1998).
Werts, C. et al. Nature Immunol. 2, 346–352 (2001).
Poltorak, A. et al. Science 282, 2085–2088 (1998).
Hoshino, K. et al. J. Immunol. 162, 3749–3752 (1999).
Qureshi, S. T. et al. J. Exp. Med. 189, 615–625 (1999).
Chow, J. C., Young, D. W., Golenbock, D. T., Christ, W. J. & Gusovsky, F. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 10689–10692 (1999).
Shimazu, R. et al. J. Exp. Med. 189, 1777–1782 (1999).
Hirschfeld, M., Ma, Y., Weis, J. H., Vogel, S. N. & Weis, J. J. J. Immunol. 165, 618–622 (2000).
Hirschfeld, M. et al. Infect. Immun. 69, 1477–1482 (2001).
Means, T. K., Golenbock, D. T. & Fenton, M. J. Cytok. Growth Factor Rev 11, 219–232 (2000).
Dziarski, R., Wang, Q., Miyake, K., Kirschning, C. J. & Gupta, D. J. Immunol. 166, 1938–1944. (2001).
Ozinsky, A. et al. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 97, 13766–71. (2000).
Perera, P. Y. et al. J. Immunol. 166, 574–581. (2001).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Golenbock, D., Fenton, M. Extolling the diversity of bacterial endotoxins. Nat Immunol 2, 286–288 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/86289
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/86289