It is unclear whether T cell exhaustion is reversible. A recent Nature paper shows that in vivo blockade of the inhibitory molecule PD-1 can restore the function of exhausted CD8+ T cells during chronic viral infection.
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Blattman, J., Greenberg, P. PD-1 blockade: rescue from a near-death experience. Nat Immunol 7, 227–228 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/ni0306-227
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ni0306-227
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