Most of the dust in Antarctic ice cores originates in the glacial outwash of Patagonia. Sedimentary evidence suggests that during the last glacial period, pro-glacial lakes provided an on/off switch for the dust flux to Antarctica.
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Ackert Jr, R. Patagonian dust machine. Nature Geosci 2, 244–245 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo485
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo485