Figure 1: The adaptive radiation of African cichlid fish.
From: The genomic substrate for adaptive radiation in African cichlid fish
Top left, map of Africa showing lakes in which cichlid fish have radiated. Right, the five sequenced species: Pundamilia nyererei (endemic of Lake Victoria); Neolamprologus brichardi (endemic of Lake Tanganyika); Metriaclima zebra (endemic of Lake Malawi); Oreochromis niloticus (from rivers across northern Africa); Astatotilapia burtoni (from rivers connected to Lake Tanganyika). Major ecotypes are shown from each lake: a, pelagic zooplanktivore; b, rock-dwelling algae scraper; c, paedophage (absent from Lake Tanganyika); d, scale eater; e, snail crusher; f, reef-dwelling planktivore; g, lobe-lipped insect eater; h, pelagic piscivore; i, ancestral river-dweller also found in lakes (absent from Lake Tanganyika). Bottom left, phylogenetic tree illustrating relationships between the five sequenced species (red), major adaptive radiations and major river lineages. The tree is from ref. 4, pruned to the major lineages. Upper timescale (4), lower timescale (32). Photos by Ad Konings (Tanganyika a, b, d, e, g, h; Malawi a, c, d, e, f, g, h, i), O.S. (Victoria a–g, i; Malawi b), Frans Witte (Victoria h), W.S. (Tanganyika f), Oliver Selz (Victoria f, A. burtoni), Marcel Haesler (O. niloticus).
