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Nuclear reprogramming and pluripotency

Abstract

The cloning of mammals from differentiated donor cells has refuted the old dogma that development is an irreversible process. It has demonstrated that the oocyte can reprogramme an adult nucleus into an embryonic state that can direct development of a new organism. The prospect of deriving patient-specific embryonic stem cells by nuclear transfer underscores the potential use of this technology in regenerative medicine. The future challenge will be to study alternatives to nuclear transfer in order to recapitulate reprogramming in a Petri dish without the use of oocytes.

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Figure 1: Different approaches for studying nuclear reprogramming.
Figure 2: Differentiation and cloning efficiency.
Figure 3: Culture-induced reprogramming.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank B. Hogan, L. Looijenga, A. Wutz, N. Geijsen, M. W. Lensch and members of the Jaenisch laboratory for discussion and critical reading of the manuscript. Support to K.H. came from a Genzyme postdoctoral fellowship. R.J. is supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health.

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Hochedlinger, K., Jaenisch, R. Nuclear reprogramming and pluripotency. Nature 441, 1061–1067 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04955

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