Abstract
Current thinking about long-term memory in the cortex is focused on changes in the strengths of connections between neurons. But ongoing structural plasticity in the adult brain, including synapse formation/elimination and remodelling of axons and dendrites, suggests that memory could also depend on learning-induced changes in the cortical ‘wiring diagram’. Given that the cortex is sparsely connected, wiring plasticity could provide a substantial boost in storage capacity, although at a cost of more elaborate biological machinery and slower learning.
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Chklovskii, D., Mel, B. & Svoboda, K. Cortical rewiring and information storage. Nature 431, 782–788 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03012
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