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Deep brain stimulation and the role of astrocytes

Molecular Psychiatry volume 17, pages 124–131 (2012)Cite this article

Abstract

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a powerful surgical therapy for the management of treatment-resistant movement disorders, epilepsy and neuropsychiatric disorders. Although DBS may be clinically effective in many cases, its mode of action is still elusive. It is unclear which neural cell types are involved in the mechanism of DBS, and how high-frequency stimulation of these cells may lead to alleviation of the clinical symptoms. Neurons have commonly been a main focus in the many theories explaining the working mechanism of DBS. Recent data, however, demonstrates that astrocytes may be active players in the DBS mechanism of action. In this review article, we will discuss the potential role of reactive and neurogenic astrocytes (neural progenitors) in DBS.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the financial support for our research by the Netherlands Organisation of Scientific Research—NWO (ALW-Vici 865.09.003 to EMH and ZON-MW VENI 916.66.095 to DD), International Parkinson Foundation-IPF (to EMH), International Alzheimer Foundation (ISAO 08504 to EMH and WK), Overstreet foundation and Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Trust Fund of Florida (to BR) and NIH, NPF, the Michael J. Fox Foundation, the Parkinson Alliance, Medtronic peer reviewed fellowship training grants and the UF Foundation (to MSO). Information from the UF National Deep Brain Stimulation Brain Tissue Network was utilized for the writing of this manuscript.

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  1. V Vedam-Mai and E Y van Battum: These two authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    V Vedam-Mai, B A Reynolds & M S Okun

  2. Department of Astrocyte Biology and Neurodegeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (NIN-KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    E Y van Battum, W Kamphuis & E M Hol

  3. Department of Neuromodulation and Behaviour, NIN-KNAW, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    M G P Feenstra & D Denys

  4. Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    D Denys

  5. Department of Neurology, Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    M S Okun

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Correspondence to E M Hol.

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Competing interests

MSO serves as a consultant for the National Parkinson Foundation. He has in the past received honoraria for DBS educational talks prior to 2010, but currently receives no support (since July 2009). He also has received royalties for publications with Demos, Manson, and Cambridge (movement disorders books). And he has potential royalty interest in the COMPRESS tool for DBS. MSO has participated in CME activities on movement disorders sponsored by the USF CME office. VV-M, EYB, WK, MGPF, DD, BAR and EMH declare no potential conflict of interest.

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Vedam-Mai, V., van Battum, E., Kamphuis, W. et al. Deep brain stimulation and the role of astrocytes. Mol Psychiatry 17, 124–131 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2011.61

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