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A retrospective analysis of the effect of human milk on prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis and postnatal growth

Journal of Perinatology volume 36, pages 221–224 (2016)Cite this article

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Abstract

Objective:

The objective of this study is to determine whether the use of donor human milk (DHM) in very low birth weight (VLBW, ⩽1500 g) neonates in a large neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) affected the rate of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or impacted growth.

Study Design:

This was a retrospective chart review of 550 VLBW neonates following the introduction of DHM as the preferred diet if maternal breast milk (MBM) was not available. Demographics, growth parameters, incidence of NEC or death and days of DHM or MBM were extracted from charts.

Result:

Compared with infants who received human milk (HM) on fewer than 50% of hospital days, neonates who received HM on ⩾50% of hospital days had equivalent growth outcomes but lower rates of NEC (NEC 3.4 vs 13.5%, P<0.001) and mortality (1.0 vs 4.2%, P=0.017). Growth and NEC rates were inversely correlated with the duration of exposure to HM.

Conclusion:

HM should always be the diet of choice in preterm infants. DHM is a safe alternative, if MBM is not available. Although the use of HM is associated with lower rates of NEC, growth rates were significantly lower in infants with significant HM intake. The decline in growth rates following the introduction of DHM should draw attention to optimize fortification of all HM feedings.

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Author notes

  1. S Lewis

    Present address: 4Present address: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Nutrition Therapy, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA

    R Chowning, P Radmacher, N Pettit & D H Adamkin

  2. Kosair Children’s Hospital NICU, Louisville, KY, USA

    S Lewis

  3. University of Louisville Hospital, NICU, Louisville, KY, USA

    L Serke

Authors
  1. R Chowning
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  2. P Radmacher
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  3. S Lewis
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  4. L Serke
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  5. N Pettit
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  6. D H Adamkin
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to P Radmacher.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Chowning, R., Radmacher, P., Lewis, S. et al. A retrospective analysis of the effect of human milk on prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis and postnatal growth. J Perinatol 36, 221–224 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2015.179

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2015.179

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