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Impact of adenovirus life cycle progression on the generation of canine helper-dependent vectors

Gene Therapy volume 22, pages 40–49 (2015)Cite this article

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Abstract

Helper-dependent adenovirus vectors (HDVs) are safe and efficient tools for gene transfer with high cloning capacity. However, the multiple amplification steps needed to produce HDVs hamper a robust production process and in turn the availability of high-quality vectors. To understand the factors behind the low productivity, we analyzed the progression of HDV life cycle. Canine adenovirus (Ad) type 2 vectors, holding attractive features to overcome immunogenic concerns and treat neurobiological disorders, were the focus of this work. When compared with E1-deleted (ΔE1) vectors, we found a faster helper genome replication during HDV production. This was consistent with an upregulation of the Ad polymerase and pre-terminal protein and led to higher and earlier expression of structural proteins. Although genome packaging occurred similarly to ΔE1 vectors, more immature capsids were obtained during HDV production, which led to a ~4-fold increase in physical-to-infectious particles ratio. The higher viral protein content in HDV-producing cells was also consistent with an increased activation of autophagy and cell death, in which earlier cell death compromised volumetric productivity. The increased empty capsids and earlier cell death found in HDV production may partially contribute to the lower vector infectivity. However, an HDV-specific factor responsible for a defective maturation process should be also involved to fully explain the low infectious titers. This study showed how a deregulated Ad cycle progression affected cell line homeostasis and HDV propagation, highlighting the impact of vector genome design on virus–cell interaction.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Sandy Ibanes and Aurelie Gennetier for the initial preparations of CAV-2 vectors, Francisca Monteiro, Vanessa Bandeira and Rute Castro for technical support. This work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)—Portugal, through the project PTDC/EBB-BIO/118615/2010, and European Commission through FP7 project BrainCAV (222992). Paulo Fernandes acknowledges FCT for his PhD grant (SFRH/BD/70810/2010).

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  1. iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal

    P Fernandes, D Simão, M R Guerreiro, A S Coroadinha & P M Alves

  2. Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal

    P Fernandes, D Simão, M R Guerreiro, A S Coroadinha & P M Alves

  3. Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS—Universities of Montpellier I and II, Montpellier, France

    E J Kremer

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Fernandes, P., Simão, D., Guerreiro, M. et al. Impact of adenovirus life cycle progression on the generation of canine helper-dependent vectors. Gene Ther 22, 40–49 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/gt.2014.92

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