Abstract
Measurements were made of the nature and levels of plasminogen activator in human tears using, as a model of inflammation, patients undergoing cataract surgery. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) but not urokinase plasminogen activator (u-PA) was found in tears. A wide variation in the range of t-PA in pre-operative tears was found. In those patients not receiving per-operative sub-conjunctival betamethasone a significant rise in t-PA was found in tears on the first post-operative day over pre-operative levels. A significant fall was noted in those receiving per-operative subconjunctival betamethasone.
Similar content being viewed by others
Article PDF
References
Bachmann F : Fibrinolysis. In: Verstraete M, Vermylen J, Lijnen HR, Amout J, eds. Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Leuven: International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis and Leuven University Press, 1987: 227–65.
Lantz E and Anderson A : Release of fibrolyte activators from the cornea and conjunctiva. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1982, 19: 263–7.
Berman M, Leary R, Gage J : Evidence for a role of the plasminogen activator-plasmin system in corneal ulceration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1980, 19: 1204–21.
Tripathi BJ, Geanon JD, Tripathi RC : Distribution of tissue plasminogen activator in human and monkey eyes. Opthalmology 1987, 94: 1434–8.
Geanon JD, Tripathi BJ, Tripathi RC, Barlow GH : Tissue plasminogen activator in avascular tissue of the eye: a qualitative study of its activity in cornea, lens, and aqueous and vitreous humour of dog, calf and monkey. Exp Eye Res 1987, 44: 55–63.
Park JK, Tripathi RC, Tripathi BJ, Barlow GH : Tissue plasminogen activator in the trabecular endothelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1987, 28: 1341–5.
Berman M, Manseau E, Law M, Aiken D : Ulceration is correlated with degradation of fibrin and fibronectin at the corneal surface. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1983, 24: 1358–66.
Pierschbacher MD and Ruoslahti E : Cell attachment activity of fibronectin can be duplicated by small synthetic fragments of the molecule. Nature 1984, 309: 30–3.
Avery R and Glaser BM : Inhibition of retinal pigment epithelial cell attachment by a synthetic peptide derived from the cell-binding domain of fibronectin. Arch Opthalmol 1986, 104: 1220–2.
Salonen EM, Tervo T, Torma E, Tarkkanen A, Vaheri A : Plasmin in tear fluid of patients with corneal ulcers: basis for new therapy. Acta Opthalmol (Copenh) 1987, 65: 3–12.
Hayashi K, Berman M, Kenyon K, Pease S : Pathogenesis of epithelial defects and stromal ulceration: localisation of tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase-like activator in scraped and alkali burned corneal wound healing models. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1987, 28: no. 3 ARVO abstract 1987: 2.
Wang H-M, Berman M, Law M : Latent and active plasminogen activator in corneal ulceration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1985, 26: 511–24.
Bron AJ : Quantification of external ocular inflammation. In: Holly FJ, ed. The Preocular Tear Film in Health, Disease and Contact Lens Wear. Dry Eye Institute, 1986: 776–87.
Verheijen JH, Mullart E, Chang GTG, Kluft C, Wijngaards G : A simple, sensitive spectrophotometric assay for extrinsic- (tissue-type) plasminogen-activator applicable to measurements in plasma. Thromb Haemost 1982, 48: 266–9.
Granelli-Piperno A and Reich E : A study of proteases and protease-inhibitor complexes in biological fluids. J Exp MEd 1978; 148: 223–34.
Marshall JM, Rees MCP, Cederholm-Williams SA : Identification of t-PA as the major active plasminogen activator in human milk. Thromb Haemost 1986, 55: 279–81.
Loskutoff DJ, van Mourik JA, Lawrence D : Detection of an unusually stable fibrinolytic inhibitor produced by bovine endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1983, 80: 2956–60.
Ouchterlony O and Nilsson L : Immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. In: Weir D, ed. Immunohistochemistry: Handbook of Experimental Immunology, vol 1, Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1973, 19–39.
Rijken DC, Wijngaards G, Wellbwegen J : Immunological characterisation of plasminogen activator activities in human tissues and body fluids. J Lab Clin Med 1981, 97: 477–86.
Thorig L, Wijngaards G, van Haeringen NJ : Immunological characterisation and possible origin of plasminogen activator in human tear fluid. Ophthalmic Res 1983, 15: 268–76.
Hong BS and Beebe WE : Effects of endotoxin injection and wounding of corneal epithelium on the plasminogen activator activity in rabbit tears. In: Holly FJ, ed. The Preocular Tear Film in Health, Disease and Contact Lens Wear. Dry Eye Institute, 1986: 865–75.
Hayashi K and Sueishi K : Fibrinolytic activity and species of plasminogen activator in human tears. Exp Eye Res 1988, 46: 131–7.
Crutchley OJ, Conan LB, Maynard JR : Human fibroblasts produce inhibitor directed against plasminogen activator when treated with glucocorticoids. Ann NY Acad Sci 1981, 370: 609–16.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Stevens, J., Marshall, J., Benjamin, L. et al. Plasminogen activator in human tears. Eye 6, 653–658 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.1992.140
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.1992.140