Abstract
Background/Objective:
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recently published dietary guidelines for the intakes of carbohydrates, fiber, fats and water. We evaluated their role on the risk of a specific disease, known to be related to diet.
Subjects/Methods:
We used data from an Italian case-control study including 1953 colorectal cancer (CRC) cases and 4154 controls. We developed a so-called EFSA index summing up 1 point for adherence to each EFSA guideline. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CRC and its subsites were derived from unconditional multiple logistic regression models, for both the index and its components.
Results:
When each EFSA index component was analyzed separately, we found significant increased risks of CRC for non adherence to the guidelines on linoleic (OR=1.20, 95% CI, 1.07–1.36) and alpha-linolenic fatty acids (OR=1.19, 95% CI, 1.06–1.34). When all the guidelines were included in the same model, no significant association emerged. Compared with minimal adherence, the ORs of CRC for subsequent EFSA index scores were 1.03 (95% CI, 0.72–1.47), 1.05 (95% CI, 0.75–1.48), 1.04 (95% CI, 0.81–1.60), 0.99 (95% CI, 0.69–1.43), and 1.04 (95% CI, 0.67–1.61). No significant association emerged for colon and rectal cancer separately, and for males and females.
Conclusions:
Overall adherence to the EFSA dietary guidelines is not associated to colorectal, colon and rectal cancer risk in our population. Adherence to guidelines on linoleic and alpha-linolenic fatty acids may have a modest beneficial role on CRC risk.
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Acknowledgements
This work was conducted with the contributions from the Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC) (grant number: 10068) and the Italian Ministry of Education (PRIN 2009 X8YCBN). We thank Ms I Garimoldi for editorial assistance.
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Turati, F., Edefonti, V., Bravi, F. et al. Adherence to the European food safety authority's dietary recommendations and colorectal cancer risk. Eur J Clin Nutr 66, 517–522 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2011.217
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2011.217