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Effect of dietary glycemic index on substrate transporter gene expression in human skeletal muscle after exercise

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 63, pages 1404–1410 (2009)Cite this article

Abstract

Background/Objectives:

Skeletal muscle plays important role in the regulation of whole-body metabolism. In skeletal muscle, uptakes of glucose and fatty acid from circulation are facilitated by transmembrane substrate transporters GLUT4 and FAT/CD36, respectively. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dietary glycemic index (GI) on GLUT4 and FAT/CD36 gene expressions in human skeletal muscle after a single bout of exercise.

Subjects/Methods:

Eight male subjects completed a 60-min cycling exercise at 75% maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max), and were immediately fed an isocaloric meal containing either high-GI (HGI) or low-GI (LGI) diets, with similar proportions of carbohydrate, fat and protein in a crossover design. Muscle samples from deep vastus lateralis were taken by needle biopsy immediately after exercise and 3 h after exercise.

Results:

After exercise, the HGI diet produced significantly greater glucose and insulin responses compared with the LGI diet, as indicated by the greater area under the curves. Both diets resulted in rapid reductions in plasma fatty acid and glycerol below fasting level. GLUT4 mRNA was downregulated by both HGI and LGI diets to a comparable extent, whereas GLUT4 protein levels were not changed during this short period. FAT/CD36 mRNA and protein levels were substantially decreased with the HGI diet below baseline, but not with the LGI diet.

Conclusion:

This study found a significant dietary GI effect on post-exercise FAT/CD36 gene expression in human skeletal muscle. This result implicates that the differences in dietary GI are sufficient to alter fat metabolism.

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Acknowledgements

This study was sponsored, in part, by a grant from the National Science Council (Grant number NSC 96-2413-H-166-001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Kinesiology, National Taichung University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

    I-S Cheng

  2. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, ROC

    S-F Liao, K-L Liu, H-Y Liu & C-L Wu

  3. Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

    C-Y Huang

  4. Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Graduate Institute of Exercise Sciences, Taipei Physical Education College, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

    K Mallikarjuna, R W Smith & C-H Kuo

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  1. I-S Cheng
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  2. S-F Liao
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  3. K-L Liu
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  9. C-H Kuo
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Correspondence to C-H Kuo.

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Cheng, IS., Liao, SF., Liu, KL. et al. Effect of dietary glycemic index on substrate transporter gene expression in human skeletal muscle after exercise. Eur J Clin Nutr 63, 1404–1410 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2009.100

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2009.100

Keywords

  • GLUT4
  • FAT/CD36
  • glucose transporter
  • fatty acid transporter

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