Recent years have seen several landmark therapeutic successes, such as the development of antibodies that target PD1 or PDL1 and cell therapies that target CD19 in immuno-oncology. In parallel, we have also observed a herding of biopharma pipelines around a small set of such approaches. Although these approaches are often proving highly efficacious, it is unclear if incremental investment into late-entrant assets represents an efficient use of biopharma research and development (R&D) resources, both with respect to expected patient benefit and commercial success (
Nat Rev. Drug Disc. 12, 419–420; 2013).
