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Differential expression of the fractalkine chemokine receptor (CX3CR1) in human monocytes during differentiation

Cellular & Molecular Immunology volume 12, pages 669–680 (2015)Cite this article

Abstract

Circulating monocytes (Mos) may continuously repopulate macrophage (MAC) or dendritic cell (DC) populations to maintain homeostasis. MACs and DCs are specialized cells that play different and complementary immunological functions. Accordingly, they present distinct migratory properties. Specifically, whereas MACs largely remain in tissues, DCs are capable of migrating from peripheral tissues to lymphoid organs. The aim of this work was to analyze the expression of the fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1) during the monocytic differentiation process. Freshly isolated Mos express high levels of both CX3CR1 mRNA and protein. During the Mo differentiation process, CX3CR1 is downregulated in both DCs and MACs. However, MACs showed significantly higher CX3CR1 expression levels than did DC. We also observed an antagonistic CX3CR1 regulation by interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 during MAC activation through the classical and alternative MAC pathways, respectively. IFN-γ inhibited the loss of CX3CR1, but IL-4 induced it. Additionally, we demonstrated an association between CX3CR1 expression and apoptosis prevention by soluble fractalkine (sCX3CL1) in Mos, DCs and MACs. This is the first report demonstrating sequential and differential CX3CR1 modulation during Mo differentiation. Most importantly, we demonstrated a functional link between CX3CR1 expression and cell survival in the presence of sCX3CL1.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Marta Felippo, Nora Galassi and Norma Riera for their excellent technical assistance. The authors also thank Fundación de la Hemofilia and Academia Nacional de Medicina for the use of the FACScan flow cytometer. This work was supported by grants from Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas to MVR and Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica to MVR and MSP, Argentina.

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  1. Laboratorio de Patogénesis e Inmunología de Procesos Infecciosos, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX-CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Cecilia Analia Panek, Maria Victoria Ramos, Maria Pilar Mejias, Maria Jimena Abrey-Recalde, Romina Jimena Fernandez-Brando & Marina Sandra Palermo

  2. Laboratorio de Células Presentadoras de Antígeno y Respuesta Inflamatoria, IMEX-CONICET, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Maria Soledad Gori & Gabriela Verónica Salamone

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  1. Cecilia Analia Panek
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Correspondence to Marina Sandra Palermo.

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Panek, C., Ramos, M., Mejias, M. et al. Differential expression of the fractalkine chemokine receptor (CX3CR1) in human monocytes during differentiation. Cell Mol Immunol 12, 669–680 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/cmi.2014.116

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