Establishment and Characterization of a Cell Based Artificial Antigen-Presenting Cell for Expansion and Activation of CD8⁺ T Cells Ex Vivo

Abstract

Artificial antigen-presenting cells are expected to stimulate the expansion and acquisition of optimal therapeutic features of T cells before infusion. Here CD32 that binds to a crystallizable fragment of IgG monoclonal antibody was genetically expressed on human K562 leukemia cells to provide a ligand for T-cell receptor. CD86 and 4-1BBL, which are ligands of co-stimulating receptors of CD28 and 4-1BB, respectively, were also expressed on K562 cells. Then we accomplished the artificial antigen-presenting cells by coupling K32/CD86/4-1BBL cell with OKT3 monoclonal antibody against CD3, named K32/CD86/4-1BBL/OKT3 cells. These artificial modified cells had the abilities of inducing CD8⁺ T cell activation, promoting CD8⁺ T cell proliferation, division, and long-term growth, inhibiting CD8⁺ T cell apoptosis, and enhancing CD8⁺ T cell secretion of IFN-_γ and perforin. Furthermore, antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes could be retained in the culture stimulated with K32/CD86/4-1BBL/OKT3 cells at least within 28 days. This approach was robust, simple, reproducible and economical for expansion and activation of CD8⁺ T cells and may have important therapeutic implications for adoptive immunotherapy.