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Plasma Cell Disorders

Adverse impact of high donor CD3+ cell dose on outcome following tandem auto-NMA allogeneic transplantation for high-risk myeloma

Bone Marrow Transplantation volume 52, pages 839–845 (2017)Cite this article

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Abstract

High-risk (HR) multiple myeloma (MM) has poor outcomes with conventional therapy. Tandem autologous-non-myeloablative (NMA) allogeneic stem cell transplantation (autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT)-NMA allogeneic SCT) is potentially curative secondary to graft-versus-myeloma effect. We retrospectively analysed ASCT-NMA allogeneic SCT outcomes of 59 HR and relapsed MM patients. At a median follow-up of 35.8 months, the outcomes for HR-MM upfront tandem ASCT-NMA allogeneic SCT and standard-risk (SR) MM upfront ASCT alone were comparable (median PFS 1166 days versus 1465 days, P=0.36; median overall survival (OS) not reached in both cohorts, P=0.31). The 5-year PFS and OS of patients who had ASCT-NMA allogeneic SCT after relapsing from previous ASCT were 30% and 48% respectively. High CD3+ cell dose (>3 × 108/kg) infusion was associated with more acute GvHD (grade 2–4) (47% vs 17.5%; P=0.03), extensive chronic GvHD (80% vs 50%; P=0.04), increased transplant-related mortality (26.3% vs 5%; P=0.009) and inferior OS (median OS 752 days vs not reached; P=0.002). On multivariate analysis, response achieved with tandem transplant (<CR vs CR vs stringent CR; hazard ratio=5.54, confidence interval=2.67–11.5; P<0.0001) and CD3+ cell dose infused (hazard ratio=1.42; confidence interval=1.21–1.67; P<0.0001) emerged as factors influencing OS. We conclude that tandem ASCT-NMA allogeneic SCT is an effective therapy for HR or relapsed MM and that higher CD3+ doses have an adverse impact on transplant outcome.

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  1. Malignant Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia

    A P Nair, P Walker, A Kalff, K Bergin, J Hocking, S Avery, D J Curtis, S Patil, T Das, D Klarica, S Morgan, J Muirhead, M Gorniak & A Spencer

  2. Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia

    A P Nair, A Kalff, K Bergin, J Hocking, D J Curtis, J Reynolds & A Spencer

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Nair, A., Walker, P., Kalff, A. et al. Adverse impact of high donor CD3+ cell dose on outcome following tandem auto-NMA allogeneic transplantation for high-risk myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant 52, 839–845 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2017.37

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