Our immune system usually ignores 'friendly' gut bacteria. But when infection with a pathogen damages the intestine's mucosal lining, the resident microbes can invade the body, inducing immune responses directed at themselves.
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Masopust, D., Vezys, V. Infection induces friendly fire. Nature 490, 41–43 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/490041a
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/490041a
