Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Letter
  • Published:

Direct NMR evidence for an intermediate preceding the rate-limiting step in the unfolding of ribonuclease A

Abstract

IT is commonly believed that there are no detectable intermediates in the kinetic unfolding reactions of small proteins1–6. If such intermediates could be found, they would give important information about the nature of the transition state for unfolding, which is thought to occur close to the native state. We report here that one-dimensional proton magnetic resonance spectra recorded during the unfolding of ribonuclease A provide direct evidence for at least one unfolding intermediate in which side chains are free to rotate. This intermediate appears to be a 'dry molten globule' of the kind hypothesized by Shakhnovich and Finkelstein7.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Segawa, S. & Sugihara, M. Biopolymers 23, 2473–2488 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Kuwajima, K., Mitani, M. & Sugai, S. J. molec. Biol. 206, 547–561 (1989).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Chen, B., Baase, W. A. & Schellman, J. A. Biochemistry 28, 691–699 (1989).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Serrano, L., Matouschek, A. & Fersht, A. R. J. molec. Biol. 224, 805–818 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Chen, X. & Matthews, C. R. Biochemistry 33, 6356–6362 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Mücke, M. & Schmid, F. X. Biochemistry 33, 12930–12935 (1994).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Shakhnovich, E. I. & Finkelstein, A. V. Biopolymers 28, 1667–1680 (1989).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Schmid, F. X. in Protein Folding (ed. Creighton, T. E.) 197–242 (Freeman, New York, 1992).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Dobson, C. M., Evans, P. A. & Radford, S. E. Trends biochem. Sci. 19, 31–37 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Wüthrich, K. NMR of Proteins and Nucleic Acids (Wiley, New York, 1986).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  11. Pititsyn, O. B. in Protein Folding (ed. Creighton, T. E.) 243–300 (Freeman, New York, 1992).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Van Dael, H., Haezebrouck, P., Morozova, L., Arico-Muendel, C. & Dobson, C. M. Biochemistry 32, 11886–11894 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Kiefhaber, T. & Baldwin, R. L. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92, 2657–2661 (1995).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Hughson, F. M., Wright, P. E. & Baldwin, R. L. Science 249, 1544–1548 (1990).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Jeng, M. F., Englander, S. W., Elöve, G. A., Wand, A. J. & Roder, H. Biochemistry 29, 10433–10437 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Robertson, A. D., Purisima, E. O., Eastman, M. A. & Scheraga, H. A. Biochemistry 28, 5930–5938 (1989).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Rico, M. et al. Eur. J. Biochem. 183, 623–638 (1989).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kiefhaber, T., Labhardt, A. & Baldwin, R. Direct NMR evidence for an intermediate preceding the rate-limiting step in the unfolding of ribonuclease A. Nature 375, 513–515 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1038/375513a0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/375513a0

This article is cited by

Comments

By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing