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Symmetry, beauty and evolution

Nature volume 372, pages 169–172 (1994)Cite this article

Abstract

HUMANS and certain other species find symmetrical patterns more attractive than asymmetrical ones. These preferences may appear in response to biological signals1–3, or in situations where there is no obvious signalling context, such as exploratory behaviour4,5 and human aesthetic response to pattern6–8. It has been proposed9,10 that preferences for symmetry have evolved in animals because the degree of symmetry in signals indicates the signaller's quality. By contrast, we show here that symmetry preferences may arise as a by-product of the need to recognize objects irrespective of their position and orientation in the visual field. The existence of sensory biases for symmetry may have been exploited independently by natural selection acting on biological signals and by human artistic innovation. This may account for the observed convergence on symmetrical forms in nature and decorative art11.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, University of Stockholm, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden

    Magnus Enquist

  2. Archway Engineering (UK) Ltd, Ainleys industrial Estate, Elland, HX5 9JP, UK

    Anthony Arak

Authors
  1. Magnus Enquist
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  2. Anthony Arak
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Enquist, M., Arak, A. Symmetry, beauty and evolution. Nature 372, 169–172 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1038/372169a0

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