Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

An African primate lentivirus (SIVsmclosely related to HIV-2

Nature volume 339, pages 389–392 (1989)Cite this article

Abstract

THE ancestors of the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2) may have evolved from a reservoir of African non-human primate lentiviruses, termed simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV)1. None of the SIV strains characterized so far are closely related to HIV-12–6. HIV-2, however, is closely related to SIV (SIVmac) isolated from captive rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)7. SIV infection of feral Asian macaques has not been demonstrated by serological surveys8,9. Thus, macaques may have acquired SIV in captivity by cross-species transmission from an SIV-infected African primate. Sooty mangabeys (Cercocebm atys), an African primate species indigenous to West Africa, however, are infected with SIV (SIVsm) both in captivity9–11and in the wild (P. Fultz, personal communication). We have molecularly cloned and sequenced SIVsm and report here that it is closely related to SIVmac and HIV-2. These results suggest that SIVsm has infected macaques in captivity and humans in West Africa and evolved as SIVmac and HIV-2, respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Rent or buy this article

Get just this article for as long as you need it

$39.95

Learn more

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

References

  1. Schneider, J. & Hunsmann, G. AIDS 2, 1–9 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Chakrabarti, L. et al. Nature 328, 543–547 (1987).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Franchini, G. et al. Nature 328, 538–543 (1987).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. Hirsch, V., Reidel, N. & Mullins, J. I. Cell 49, 307–319 (1987).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Fukasawa, M. et al. Nature 333, 457–461 (1988).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Tsujimoto, H. et al. J. Virol. 62, 4044–4055 (1988).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Daniel, M. D. et al. Science 228, 1201–1204 (1985).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Ohta, Y. et al. Int. J. Cancer 41, 115–122 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Lowenstine, L. J. et al. Int. J. Cancer 38, 563–574 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Murphey-Corb, M. et al. Nature 321, 435–437 (1986).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Fultz, P. N. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83, 5286–5290 (1986).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Hirsch, V. M. et al. J. med. Primatol. (in the press).

  13. Baskin, G. B., Murphey-Corb, M., Watson, E. A. & Martin, L. N. Vet. Path. 25, 456–467 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Yu, X-F., Ito, S., Essex, M. & Lee, T-H. Nature 335, 262–265 (1988).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Franchini, G., Ruschie, J., O'Keeffe, T. & Wong-Staal, F. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 4, 243–259 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Henderson, L. E., Sowder, R. C., Copeland, T. D., Benveniste, R. E. & Oroszlan, S. Science 241, 199–201 (1988).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Guyader, M. et al. Nature 326, 662–669 (1985).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. Barin, F. et al. Lancet II, 1387–1389 (1985).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Albert, J. et al. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 3, 3–10 (1987).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Clavel, F. et al. Science 233, 343–346 (1986).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Franchini, G., Kanaki, P. J., Bosch, M., Fargnoli, K. & Wong-Staal, F. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 4, 251–258 (1988).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Smith, T. F., Srinivasan, A., Schochetman, G., Marcus, M. & Myers, G. Nature 333, 573–575 (1988).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Sharp, P. M. & Li, W.-H. Nature 336, 351 (1988).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Hunt, R. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80, 5085–5089 (1983).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Wilbur, W. J. & Lipman, D. J. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80, 726–730 (1983).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Day, W. H. E. J. theor. Biol. 103, 429–438 (1983).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Feng, E. F. & Doolittle, R. J. molec. Evol. 25, 351–360 (1987).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Georgetown University, NIH/Twinbrook II, 12441 Parklawn Drive, Rockville, Maryland, 20852, USA

    Vanessa M. Hirsch, Robert A. Olmsted & Philip R. Johnson

  2. Delta Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Maryland Louisiana, 70433, USA

    Michael Murphey-Corb

  3. Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, 20852, USA

    Robert H. Purcell

Authors
  1. Vanessa M. Hirsch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Robert A. Olmsted
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Michael Murphey-Corb
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Robert H. Purcell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Philip R. Johnson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hirsch, V., Olmsted, R., Murphey-Corb, M. et al. An African primate lentivirus (SIVsmclosely related to HIV-2. Nature 339, 389–392 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1038/339389a0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/339389a0

This article is cited by

Comments

By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.

Search

Advanced search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing