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Volcanoes

How did the summer go?

Nature volume 393, pages 415–417 (1998)Cite this article

The summer of 1601 was, by all accounts, truly awful. Across England, “the month of June was very colde, frosts every morning”1. It was a similar story in northern Italy, where freezing weather extended into July, and the sky was ‘overcast’ for much of the year2. Iceland and Scandinavia also apparently experienced unseasonal weather. Just another poor northern European summer? It seems not.

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Figure 1: Craters of Huaynaputina, in the Peruvian Andes.
Figure 2: A compilation of the numbers of reported10 ‘large’ explosive volcanic eruptions — those with a volcanic explosivity index of 4 or more — during the past four centuries.

S. L. DE SILVA & G. A. ZIELINSKI

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  1. The Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EQ, Cambridge, UK

    David M. Pyle

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Pyle, D. How did the summer go?. Nature 393, 415–417 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1038/30848

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