Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Letter
  • Published:

Viroid replication is inhibited by α-amanitin

A Corrigendum to this article was published on 01 May 1979

This article has been updated

Abstract

VIROIDS are infectious single-stranded circular RNA molecules1 which cause disease in higher Plants. Although the complete molecular structure of one viroid has recently been established2, the mechanism of viroid replication and patho-genesis is still unknown. The viroid molecule carries insufficient genetic information to code for a complete viroid-specified replicase. Replication must therefore depend on host cell enzymes. We report here the inhibition by α-amanitin, of 3H-uridine incorporation into viroid RNA in infected tomato protoplasts. The inhibitory intracellular concentrations of α-amanitin which we determined suggest the involvement of the nuclear DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II in viroid replication.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Similar content being viewed by others

Change history

References

  1. Sänger, H. L., Klotz, G., Riesner, D., Gross, H. J. & Kleinschmidt, A. K. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 73, 3852–3856 (1976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. Gross, H. J. et al. Nature 273, 203–208 (1978).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Duda, C. T. A. Rev. Pl. Physiol. 27, 119–132 (1976).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Romaine, C. P. & Zaitlin, M. Virology 86, 241–253 (1978).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Ikegami, M. & Fraenkel-Conrat, H. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75, 2122–2124 (1978).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Diener, T. O. & Smith, D. R. Virology 63, 421–427 (1975).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Takahashi, T. & Diener, T. O. Virology 64, 106–114 (1975).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Mühlbach, H.-P., Camacho-Henriquez, A. & Sänger, H. L. Pl. Sci. Lett. 8, 183–189 (1977).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Mühlbach, H.-P., Camacho-Henriquez, A. & Sänger, H. L. Phytopath. Z. 90, 289–305 (1977).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Mühlbach, H.-P. & Sänger, H. L. J. gen. Virol. 35, 377–386 (1977).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Van Dorst, H. J. M. & Peters, D. Netherlands J. Pl. Pathol. 80, 85–95 (1974).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Lindell, T. J., Weinberg, F., Morris, P. W., Roeder, R. G. & Rutter, W. J. Science 170, 447 (1970).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Zylber, E. A. & Penman, S. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 68, 2861–2865 (1971).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Wieland, Th. & Faulstich, H. Critical Rev. Biochemistry 5, 185–260 (1978).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Weinman, R. & Roeder, R. G. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71, 1790–1794 (1974).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Faulstich, H. in Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Research (eds Hahn, F. E., Kersten, H., Kersten, W. & Szibalski, W.) (Springer, New York, in the press).

  17. Rott, R. & Scholtissek, C. Nature 288, 56 (1970).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. Mahy, B. W. J., Hastie, N. D. & Armstrong, S. H. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 69, 1421–1424 (1972).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Seitz, U. & Seitz, U. Planta 97, 224–229 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Brändle, E. & Zetsche, K. Planta 111, 209–217 (1973).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Takebe, I. & Otsuki, Y. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 64, 843–848 (1969).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Sänger, H. L. & Knight, C. A. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 13, 455–461 (1963).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. White, J. L. & Murakishi, H. H. J. Virol. 21, 484–492 (1977).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Diener, T. O. Virology 43, 75–89 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Sänger, H. L. Adv. Biosci. 8, 103–116 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  26. Semancik, J. S. & Geelen, J. L. M. C. Nature 256, 753–756 (1975).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Hadidi, A., Jones, D. M., Gillespie, D. H., Wong-Staal, F. & Diener, T. O. Proc. natn. Acad Sci. U.S.A. 73, 2453–2457 (1976).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Grill, L. K. & Semancik, J. S. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75, 896–900 (1978).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Gross, H. J., Domdey, H. & Sänger, H. L. Nucleic Acids Res. 4, 2021–2028 (1977).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Langowski, Y., Henco, K., Riesner, D. & Sänger, H. L. Nucleic Acids Res. 5, 1589–1610 (1978).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

MÜHLBACH, HP., SÄNGER, H. Viroid replication is inhibited by α-amanitin. Nature 278, 185–188 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1038/278185a0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/278185a0

This article is cited by

Comments

By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing