Abstract
CYCLIC GMP has been implicated as an intracellular second messenger in a variety of systems. In particular, a number of hormones and neurotransmitters have been shown to raise cellular cyclic GMP levels in vitro1–9. In many of these systems, however, Ca2+ entry seems to be responsible both for the physiological effect of the hormone and for the hormone-stimulated increase in cyclic GMP (refs 4–9). We have investigated the relationship between calcium and cyclic GMP levels in muscles of the giant barnacle Balanus nubilus. This preparation has a number of advantages. Within fairly narrow limits intracellular free calcium levels in the resting muscle are known10. The depolarisation-induced increase in free calcium, and the resulting activation of contraction, have also been extensively documented10,11. In addition, the depolarisation-induced changes in intracellular free calcium can be easily manipulated because the extracellular fluid is the apparent source of the calcium which couples excitation to contraction12. We report here that either KC1 depolarisation or nerve stimulation increases the cyclic GMP content of barnacle muscle. This increase seems to be associated with Ca2+ entry rather than with a neurotransmitter–receptor interaction per se. This is the first report of an increase in cyclic GMP associated with contractile activity in cross-striated muscle.
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BEAM, K., NESTLER, E. & GREENGARD, P. Increased cyclic GMP levels associated with contraction in muscle fibres of the giant barnacle. Nature 267, 534–536 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1038/267534a0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/267534a0
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