Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Article
  • Published:

Groenlandaspis in Antarctica, Australia and Europe

Abstract

Groenlandaspis is a member of the Arthrodira, a group of Devonian armoured fishes. In the past Groenlandaspis has been found only in eastern Greenland but now Alexander Ritchie has recognised at least six species from sites in Greenland, Europe, Australia and Antarctica. His account demonstrates that these arthrodires enjoyed a very wide geographical distribution during the Upper Devonian and that the family can be traced back into the Middle and Lower Devonian.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Heintz, A., Skr. Svalbard Ishavet, 42, 1–27 (1932).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Stensiö, E., Meddr. Gronland, 97, No. 1 (1934); No. 2 (1936); No. 3 (1939).

  3. Miles, R. S., Ark. Zool., 16 (2), 427–60 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Gross, W., Palaont. Z., H. Schmidt-Festband, 45–63 (1962).

  5. Ritchie, A., Aust. Natur. Hist., 18, 28–35 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Woodward, A. S., Br. Antarct. Terra Nova Exped. 1910, 1, 51–62 (1921).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Gunn, B. M., and Warren, G., Scient. Rep. Antarct. Exped., 10, 1–156 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  8. White, E. I., Scient. Rep., ibid. Antarct. Exped., 16, 1–26 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  9. McKelvey, B. C., Webb, P. N., Gorton, M. P., and Kohn, B. P., in The Geology of Antarctica (edit. by Adie, R. J.), 345–352 (Universitetsforlaget, Oslo, 1972).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ritchie, A., Aust. Natur. Hist., 17, 65–71 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Rade, J., J. Paleont., 38, 929–932 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Wallis, F. S., Q. Jl geol. Soc. Lond., 83, 760–786 (1928).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Baily, W. H., Explanation to accompany Sheets 147 and 157 of the maps of the Geological Survey of Ireland, 13–16 (1861).

  14. Woodward, A. S., Catalogue of the fossil fishes in the British Museum (Natural History), 2, 292, plate VIII, figs 1–4 (1891).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Charlesworth, J. K., Historical Geology of Ireland, 180–4 (Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, 1963).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Miles, R. S., and Westoll, T. S., Trans. R. Soc. Edinb., 67, 373–476 (1968).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Hills, E. S., Q. Jl Geol. Soc. Lond., 88, 850–858 (1932).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ritchie, A., Palaeontographica, A 143, 58–72 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Denison, R. H., Fieldiana, Geol., 11, 459–551 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Obruchev, D. V., Fundamentals of Palaeontology. Class Placodermi XI (English translation), 197–200 (Israeli Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1967).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Miles, R. S., Trans. R. Soc. Edinb., 68, 123–170 (1969).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Miles, R. S., Phil. Trans. R. Soc., 263, 101–234 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ritchie, A. Groenlandaspis in Antarctica, Australia and Europe. Nature 254, 569–573 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1038/254569a0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/254569a0

Comments

By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing