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Reply to van de Loosdrecht et al

Leukemia volume 17, page 1684 (2003)Cite this article

TO THE EDITOR

In a recent issue of Leukemia,1,2 we have reported that dendritic cells (DC) generated from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients in the presence of GM-CSF, IL-4 and matured with CD40L can be obtained from two major precursors: DC derived from CD14+ leukemic cells and/or leukemic DC derived from the previously described in vivo expanded circulating blood myeloid DC (MDC).3 Leukemic DC of both subsets exhibited DC morphology, had a phenotype of mature DC (CD83+), and could induce a potent proliferative response of naive CD4+ T cells. Moreover, both subsets produced large amounts of bioactive IL-12p70.1 Interestingly, in accordance with our findings, van de Loosdrecht et al4 also observed a correlation between the percentage of CD14 expression on AML blasts and leukemic DC yield (although defined by the expression of nonspecific DC markers such as CD40 and CD86).4 Moreover, these authors were able to obtain leukemic DCs in five cases of CD14− AML patients. Again, the latter can be in line with our previous studies, showing that expanded circulating blood MDCs in AML patients are another precursor of leukemic DCs. Indeed, expanded leukemic MDCs that represent the leukemic counterpart of the normal circulating MDC subset, do not express CD14 or any other lineage marker. Thus, it is likely that in the five cases described by van de Loosdrecht et al, leukemic DCs could have been generated from an expanded peripheral blood MDC compartment, which lacks CD14 expression. As suggested by van de Loosdrecht et al, the use of calcium ionophores (CI) might represent an attractive modality for leukemic DC generation. However, at present, the exact impact of CI on DC development, differentiation and functions, is still unknown. Therefore, a detailed functional characterization of leukemic CI-derived DCs as for phenotype, cytokine secretion profile, type of T-helper responses, induction of specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and chemokine receptors expression, is mandatory before any therapeutic application.

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References

  1. Mohty M, Isnardon D, Blaise D, Mozziconacci MJ, Lafage-Pochitaloff M, Briere F et al. Identification of precursors of leukemic dendritic cells differentiated from patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2002; 16: 2267–2274.

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  2. Mohty M, Olive D, Gaugler B . Leukemic dendritic cells: potential for therapy and insights towards immune escape by leukemic blasts. Leukemia 2002; 16: 2197–2204.

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  3. Mohty M, Jarrossay D, Lafage-Pochitaloff M, Zandotti C, Briere F, de Lamballeri XN et al. Circulating blood dendritic cells from myeloid leukemia patients display quantitative and cytogenetic abnormalities as well as functional impairment. Blood 2001; 98: 3750–3756.

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  4. Houtenbos TM, Westers GJ, Ossenkoppele AA, Van De Loosdrecht AA . Identification of CD14 as a predictor for leukemic dendritic cell differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia (in press).

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  1. Laboratoire d'Immunologie des Tumeurs, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseiue Cedex, France

    M Mohty, D Olive & B Gaugler

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  1. M Mohty
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  2. D Olive
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  3. B Gaugler
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Mohty, M., Olive, D. & Gaugler, B. Reply to van de Loosdrecht et al. Leukemia 17, 1684 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.leu.2403015

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