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Infections Post Transplant

Bacteremia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: incidence and predictive value of surveillance cultures

Bone Marrow Transplantation volume 33, pages 745–749 (2004)Cite this article

Summary:

We studied 622 transplants undertaken between 1982 and 2001 to: (1) determine the incidence, timing and etiology of bacteremias, and (2) examine the ability of routine surveillance cultures to predict bacteremias. A total of 404 episodes (0.65 episode per patient) occurred in 248 patients, due to coagulase-negative staphylococci (n=171, 42%), Gram-negative bacteria (n=129, 32%), streptococci (n=48, 12%), other Gram-positive bacteria (n=33, 8%), anaerobes (n=9, 2%) and fungi (n=14, 3%). Bacteremias were more frequent in allogeneic (0.96 episode/patient) compared to autologous (0.44) transplants (P<0.0001). The overall incidence decreased from 0.92 episode/patient until 1990 to 0.66 in 1991–1996 and 0.55 in 1997–2001 (P<0.0001), but this was only observed in autologous transplants. Among them, 212 (53%) occurred before hospital discharge and 192 (47%) thereafter. This proportion was lower for coagulase-negative staphylococci, other Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria compared to other agents (P=0.001). In 50% of the cases, the agent responsible for the bacteremic episode was present in routine surveillance cultures previously. In conclusion: (1) bacteremias remain a frequent complication, particularly in allogeneic transplantation, even long after hospital discharge; (2) routine surveillance cultures can predict bacteremias in 50% of the cases, but the practical impact of this observation is limited in view of the costs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Haematology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium

    P Frère, J-P Hermanne, M-H Debouge, G Fillet & Y Beguin

  2. Department of Clinical Biology, Division of Microbiology, Belgium

    P de Mol

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  1. P Frère
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  2. J-P Hermanne
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  3. M-H Debouge
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  4. P de Mol
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  5. G Fillet
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  6. Y Beguin
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Correspondence to Y Beguin.

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Frère, P., Hermanne, JP., Debouge, MH. et al. Bacteremia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: incidence and predictive value of surveillance cultures. Bone Marrow Transplant 33, 745–749 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1704414

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