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Complementary effects of Mediterranean diet and moderate red wine intake on haemostatic cardiovascular risk factors

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 55, pages 444–451 (2001)Cite this article

Abstract

Objectives: To compare the effect of alcohol-free Mediterranean-type diet (MD) and high-fat diet (HFD) on plasma concentration of emergent haemostatic cardiovascular risk factors (HCVRF). Also, to test if red wine supplementation modifies HCVRF, independent of diet.

Design, subjects and intervention: Controlled prospective intervention study. Two groups, each of 21 healthy male university students (22±3.4 y), received either MD or HFD for 90 days. Between days 30 and 60, both diets were supplemented with 240 ml/day of red wine. Baseline and T30, T60 and T90-day samples were drawn. No drop out from the study was observed.

Setting: University campus and outpatient nutrition clinic.

Results: Volunteers on HFD at T30 had increases in pro-coagulants fibrinogen (22%), factor VIIc (9%), and factor VIIIc (4%), and decreases in natural anticoagulants antithrombin III (3%), protein C (11%) and protein S (6%) and of 20% in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. At the same time, individuals on MD had increases in fibrinogen (4%), antithrombin III (5%), protein C (3%), protein S (2.7%), and decreases in factor VIIIc (9%), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (21%). After adjusting by baseline values, MD was associated with lower plasma fibrinogen (P=0.03), factor VIIc (P=0.034) and factor VIIIc (P=0.0057) and with higher levels of protein S (P=0.013). Red wine supplementation, in both diets, resulted in decreased plasma fibrinogen (P=0.001) and factor VIIc (P=0.05), and increased tissue plasminogen activator antigen (P=0.01) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 antigen (P=0.0003). Wine consumption was also associated with significantly (P=0.01) divergent effects on antithrombin III: it decreased by 10% in individuals on HFD but increased slightly in those on MD. No effects of diet or wine were detected in plasma protein C and C-reactive protein.

Conclusion: MD and moderate consumption of red wine have complementary, mostly beneficial effects on HCVRF.

Sponsorship: P Catholic University of Chile.

Descriptors: diet; wine; haemostasis; cardiovascular risk factors

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2001) 55, 444–451

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grant PUC-PBMEC98 (Molecular Basis of Chronic Diseases Program, Catholic University of Chile) and grant no. 1990508 from FONDECYT (Fondo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Chile).

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Author notes

  1. D Mezzano: Guarantor: D Mezzano.

  2. D Mezzano, F Leighton, C Martínez, G Marshall, A Cuevas, O Castillo, O Panes, B Muñoz, DD Pérez, C Mizón, J Rozowski, A San Martín and J Pereira: Contributors: DM, FL, GM, AC, JR and JP participated in the conception and design of the study, in the analysis and interpretation of data and in writing the article. CM and OC participated in clinical control of participants, diet design and daily supervision of the diet. CM, OP, BM and DP provided administrative, technical and logistic support and completed the experimental work. GM and ASM were responsible for statistical analysis.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile

    D Mezzano, C Martínez, O Panes, B Muñoz & J Pereira

  2. Biochemical Cytology and Lipids Laboratory, Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile

    F Leighton, DD Pérez & A San Martín

  3. Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile

    G Marshall

  4. Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile

    A Cuevas, O Castillo, C Mizón & J Rozowski

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  1. D Mezzano
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Mezzano, D., Leighton, F., Martínez, C. et al. Complementary effects of Mediterranean diet and moderate red wine intake on haemostatic cardiovascular risk factors. Eur J Clin Nutr 55, 444–451 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601202

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