Abstract
Cross-linking of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) on immature WEHI 231 B cells results in G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Here we investigated the molecular mechanisms that are necessary and sufficient for these changes to occur. We show that BCR stimulation of WEHI 231 cells results in down-regulation of cyclin D2 and up-regulation of p27Kip1, which are associated with pocket protein hypophosphorylation and E2F inactivation. Ectopic expression of p27Kip1 by TAT-fusion protein or retroviral transduction is sufficient to cause G1 cell cycle arrest, followed by apoptosis. In contrast, over-expression of cyclin D2 overcomes the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by anti-IgM, indicating that down-regulation of cyclin D2 is necessary for the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis activated by BCR stimulation. Thus, cyclin D2 and p27Kip1 have opposing roles in these pathways and our data also suggest that cyclin D2 functions upstream of p27Kip1 and the pRB pathway and therefore plays an essential part in integrating the signals from BCR with the cell cycle machinery. We next investigated which signal transduction pathways triggered by the BCR regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis via cyclin D2 and p27Kip1. Inhibition of PI3-K signalling by LY294002 down-regulated cyclin D2 and up-regulated p27Kip1 expression at both protein and RNA levels, mimicking the effects of BCR-stimulation. Furthermore, ectopic expression of a constitutively active form of AKT blocked the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis triggered by anti-IgM and also abrogated down-regulation of cyclin D2 and up-regulation of p27Kip1 expression induced by BCR-engagement. These results indicate that BCR activation targets p27Kip1 and cyclin D2 to mediate cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and that down-regulation of PI3-K/AKT activity post BCR stimulation is necessary for these to occur.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 50 print issues and online access
$259.00 per year
only $5.18 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aagaard-Tillery KM, Jelinek DF . 1996 J. Immunol. 156: 4543–4554
Alessi DR, Cuenda A, Cohen P, Dudley DT, Saltiel AR . 1995 J. Biol. Chem. 270: 27489–27494
Aman MJ, Lamkin TD, Okada H, Kurosaki T, Ravichandran KS . 1998 J. Biol. Chem. 273: 33922–33928
Arcaro A, Wymann MP . 1993 Biochem. J. 296: 297–301
Bireland ML, Monroe JG . 1997 Crit. Rev. Immunol. 17: 353–385
Boonen GJ, van Dijk AM, Verdonck LF, van Lier RA, Rijksen G, Medema RH . 1999a Eur. J. Immunol. 29: 789–798
Boonen GJ, van Oirschot BA, van Diepen A, Mackus WJ, Verdonck LF, Rijksen G, Medema RH . 1999b J. Biol. Chem. 274: 34676–34682
Brennan P, Babbage JW, Burgering BM, Groner B, Reif K, Cantrell DA . 1997 Immunity 7: 679–689
Campbell KS . 1999 Curr. Opin. Immunol. 11: 256–264
Carey GB, Scott DW . 2001 J. Immunol. 166: 1618–1626
Cheng M, Olivier P, Diehl JA, Fero M, Roussel MF, Roberts JM, Sherr CJ . 1999 EMBO J. 18: 1571–1583
Cheng M, Sexl V, Sherr CJ, Roussel MF . 1998 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 1091–1096
Chung J, Kuo CJ, Crabtree GR, Blenis J . 1992 Cell 69: 1227–1236
Collado M, Medema RH, Garcia-Cao I, Dubuisson ML, Barradas M, Glassford J, Rivas C, Burgering BM, Serrano M, Lam EW-F . 2000 J. Biol. Chem. 275: 21960–21968
Craxton A, Chuang PI, Shu G, Harlan JM, Clark EA . 2000 Cell Immunol. 200: 56–62
Craxton A, Jiang A, Kurosaki T, Clark EA . 1999 J. Biol. Chem. 274: 30644–30650
Cuenda A, Rouse J, Doza YN, Meier R, Cohen P, Gallagher TF, Young PR, Lee JC . 1995 FEBS Lett. 364: 229–233
Dijkers PF, Medema RH, Pals C, Banerji L, Thomas NS, Lam EW-F, Burgering BM, Raaijmakers JA, Lammers JW, Koenderman L, Coffer PJ . 2000 Mol. Cell Biol. 20: 9138–9148
Donjerkovic D, Zhang L, Scott DW . 1999 Cell Growth Differ. 10: 695–704
Dyson N . 1998 Genes Dev. 12: 2245–2262
Ekholm SV, Zickert P, Reed SI, Zetterberg A . 2001 Mol. Cell Biol. 21: 3256–3265
Frankel AD, Pabo CO . 1988 Cell 55: 1189–1193
Fruman DA, Snapper SB, Yballe CM, Davidson L, Yu JY, Alt FW, Cantley LC . 1999 Science 283: 393–397
Gold MR, Aebersold R . 1994 J. Immunol. 152: 42–50
Gold MR, Ingham RJ, McLeod SJ, Christian SL, Scheid MP, Duronio V, Santos L, Matsuuchi L . 2000 Immunol. Rev. 176: 47–68
Gold MR, Scheid MP, Santos L, Dang-Lawson M, Roth RA, Matsuuchi L, Duronio V, Krebs DL . 1999 J. Immunol. 163: 1894–1905
Grana X, Garriga J, Mayol X . 1998 Oncogene 17: 3365–3383
Green M, Loewenstein PM, Pusztai R, Symington JS . 1988 Cell 53: 921–926
Gudas JM, Payton M, Thukral S, Chen E, Bass M, Robinson MO, Coats S . 1999 Mol. Cell Biol. 19: 612–622
Guo M, Bruce AH . 1999 Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 11: 745–752
Klaus GG, Choi MS, Lam EW-F, Johnson-Leger C, Cliff J . 1997 Int. Rev. Immunol. 15: 5–31
Kuo CJ, Chung J, Fiorentino DF, Flanagan WM, Blenis J, Crabtree GR . 1992 Nature 358: 70–3
Kuwahara K, Kawai T, Mitsuyoshi S, Matsuo Y, Kikuchi H, Imajoh-Ohmi S, Hashimoto E, Inui S, Cooper MD, Sakaguchi N . 1996 Int. Immunol. 8: 1273–1285
Lam EW-F, Choi MS, van der Sman J, Burbidge SA, Klaus GG . 1998 J. Biol. Chem. 273: 10051–10057
Lam EW-F, Glassford J, Banerji L, Thomas NS, Sicinski P, Klaus GG . 2000 J. Biol. Chem. 275: 3479–3484
Lam EW-F, La Thangue NB . 1994 Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 6: 859–866
Lam EW-F, Watson RJ . 1993 EMBO J. 12: 2705–2713
Leevers SJ, Vanhaesebroeck B, Waterfield MD . 1999 Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 11: 219–225
Li HL, Davis WW, Whiteman EL, Birnbaum MJ, Pure E . 1999 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 6890–6895
Matsushime H, Roussel MF, Ashmun RA, Sherr CJ . 1991 Cell 65: 701–713
Monroe JG . 2000 Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 245: 1–29
Mulligan G, Jacks T . 1998 Trends Genet. 14: 223–229
Nagahara H, Vocero-Akbani AM, Snyder EL, Ho A, Latham DG, Lissy NA, Becker-Hapak M, Ezhevsky SA, Dowdy SF . 1998 Nat. Med. 4: 1449–1452
Nevins JR . 1998 Cell growth and differentiation 9: 585–593
Padmore L, An S, Gunby RH, Kelly K, Radda GK, Knox KA . 1997 Cell Immunol. 177: 119–128
Parada Y, Banerji L, Glassford J, Lea NC, Collado M, Rivas C, Lewis JL, Gordon MY, Thomas NS, Lam EW-F . 2001 J. Biol. Chem. 25: 25
Pardee AB . 1989 Science 246: 603–608
Pogue SL, Kurosaki T, Bolen J, Herbst R . 2000 J. Immunol. 165: 1300–1306
Price DJ, Grove JR, Calvo V, Avruch J, Bierer BE . 1992 Science 257: 973–977
Rock KL, Gramm C, Rothstein L, Clark K, Stein R, Dick L, Hwang D, Goldberg AL . 1994 Cell 78: 761–771
Sakata A, Kuwahara K, Ohmura T, Inui S, Sakaguchi N . 1999a Immunol. Lett. 68: 301–309
Sakata N, Kawasome H, Terada N, Gerwins P, Johnson GL, Gelfand EW . 1999b Eur. J. Immunol. 29: 2999–3008
Sardet C, LeCam LE, Fabbrizio E, Vidal M . 1997 Oncogenes as Transcriptional Regulators, Vol. 2: Ghysdael J. and Yaniv M. (eds) Birkhauser Verslag: Berlin, Germany pp 1-63
Schwarze SR, Ho A, Vocero-Akbani A, Dowdy SF . 1999 Science 285: 1569–1572
Sherr CJ . 1996 Science 274: 1672–1677
Sherr CJ, Roberts JM . 1995 Genes Dev. 9: 1149–1163
Sherr CJ, Roberts JM . 1999 Genes Dev. 13: 1501–1512
Suzuki H, Terauchi Y, Fujiwara M, Aizawa S, Yazaki Y, Kadowaki T, Koyasu S . 1999 Science 283: 390–392
Toyoshima H, Hunter T . 1994 Cell 78: 67–74
Vanhaesebroeck B, Leevers SJ, Panayotou G, Waterfield MD . 1997 Trends Biochem. Sci. 22: 267–272
Vlahos CJ, Matter WF, Hui KY, Brown RF . 1994 J. Biol. Chem. 269: 5241–5248
Wu M, Bellas RE, Shen J, Yang W, Sonenshein GE . 1999 J. Immunol. 163: 6530–6535
Acknowledgements
We acknowledge the generosity of Dr Charles Sherr for the mouse cyclin D2 and p27Kip1 cDNAs. We also thank Dr S Dowdy for TAT-fusion constructs and protocols. The work of Eric Lam, Janet Glassford, and Shaun Thomas are also supported by the Leukaemia Research Fund. Shaun Thomas and Nicholas Lea are funded by the Sir Charles Wolfson Trust. Lolita Banerji is funded by the University of London Trust Postgraduate Studentship.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Banerji, L., Glassford, J., Lea, N. et al. BCR signals target p27Kip1 and cyclin D2 via the PI3-K signalling pathway to mediate cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of WEHI 231 B cells. Oncogene 20, 7352–7367 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1204951
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1204951
Keywords
This article is cited by
-
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is aberrantly activated in primary central nervous system lymphoma and correlated with a poor prognosis
BMC Cancer (2022)
-
Inhibition of cell cycle progression by dual phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and mTOR blockade in cyclin D2 positive multiple myeloma bearing IgH translocations
Blood Cancer Journal (2012)
-
Apigenin enhances the cytotoxic effects of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes
Molecular Biology Reports (2012)
-
Defining the antigen receptor-dependent regulatory network that induces arrest of cycling immature B-lymphocytes
BMC Systems Biology (2010)
-
IL-4 protects the B-cell lymphoma cell line CH31 from anti-IgM-induced growth arrest and apoptosis: contribution of the PI-3 kinase/AKT pathway
Cell Research (2007)