Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess cardiorespiratory exercise function in obese children with and without metabolic syndrome (MS).
DESIGN: Comparing three groups of subjects with different cardiovascular risk profiles.
SUBJECTS: Twenty-two MS (body weight (mean±s.d.) 97.3±15.3 kg; age (mean±s.d.) 14.2±1.9 y), 17 obese (82.6±15.7 kg; 14.2±2.6 y) and 29 normal weight control (64.3±8.5 kg; 15.3±1.0 y) boys.
MEASUREMENTS: Exercise duration (ED), resting heart rate (HR0), peak heart rate (HRpeak), physical working capacity at 170 beat/min (PWC-170), peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) and the lactic acidosis threshold (LAT) were determined on treadmill, using a continuous ramp protocol.
RESULTS: ED (MS (mean±s.d.); 655±86 s; obese 703±64 s; control 750±0 s) in absolute value and PWC-170 normalised for body weight (139±40 w; 177±40 w; 211±40 w) were significantly shorter and lower in the MS group, as compared to obese and control groups (P<0.05). VO2peak (2.2±0.4 l/min; 2.4±0.5 l/min; 2.9±0.4 l/min) and LAT (1.3±0.4 l/min; 1.5±0.4 l/ min; 1.8±0.4 l/min) normalised for body weight, were significantly shorter and lower in the MS group, as compared to control group (P<0.05). HR0 was significantly higher (P<0.05) in MS group than in obese and control groups (88±12 bpm; obese 78±10 bpm; 73±10 bpm).
CONCLUSION: Cardiorespiratory exercise performance capacity in MS boys are reduced. It still remains to be elucidated whether the metabolic alterations or the decreased physical activity is responsible for the observed reduction in cardiorespiratory performance.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$259.00 per year
only $21.58 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on Springer Link
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bao W, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS . Persistent elevation of plasma insulin levels is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in children and young adults—the Bogalusa Heart Study Circulation 1996 93: 54–59.
Burke GL, Webber LS, Srinivasan SR, Radhakrishnamurthy B, Freedman DS, Berenson GS . Fasting plasma glucose and insulin levels and their relationship to cardiovascular risk factors in children: Bogalusa Heart Study Metabolism 1986 35: 441–446.
Csábi Gy, Török K, Molnár D . Presence of metabolic cardiovascular syndrome in obese children Eur J Pediatr 2000 159: 91–94.
Gutin B, Islam S, Treiber F, Smith C, Manos T . Fasting insulin concentration is related to cardiovascular reactivity to exercise in children Pediatrics 1995 96: 1123–1125.
Smoak CG, Burke GL, Webber LS, Harsha DW, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS . Relation of obesity to clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children and young adults—the Bogalusa heart study Am J Epidemiol 1987 125: 364–371.
Fripp RR, Hodgson JL, Kwiterovich PO, Werner JC, Schuler HG, Whitman V . Aerobic capacity, obesity, and atherosclerotic risk factors in male adolescents Pediatrics 1985 75: 813–818.
Maffeis C, Zaffanello M, Schutz Y . Relationship between physical inactivity and adiposity in prepubertal boys J Pediatr 1997 31: 288–292.
Maffeis C, Schutz Y, Schena F, Zaffanello M, Pinelli L . Energy expenditure during walking and running in obese and nonobese prepubertal children J Pediatr 1993 123: 193–199.
Davies CTM, Godfrey S, Light M, Sargeant AJ, Zeidifard E . Cardiopulmonary responses to exercise in obese girls and young women J Appl Physiol 1975 38: 373–376.
Molnár D, Pórszász J . The effect of fasting hyperinsulinaemia on physical fitness in obese children Eur J Pediatr 1990 149: 570–573.
Eiben O, Pantó E . Body measurement in the Hungarian youth at the 1980s, based on the Hungarian National Growth Study. [In Hungarian.] Antropol Közl 1987–1988 31: 49–68.
Parizkova J, Roth Z . Assessment of depot fat in children from skinfold measurement by Holter caliper Hum Biol 1972 44: 613–616.
Report of the Second Task Force on Blood Pressure Control in Children—1987 . Task Force on Blood Pressure Control in Children. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland Pediatrics 1987 79: 1–25.
Soergel M, Kirschtein M, Busch C . Oscillometric twenty-four-hours ambulatory blood pressure values in healthy children and adolescents: a multicentral trial including 1141 subjects J Pediatr 1997 130: 178–184.
Tenscher A, Richterich P . Enzymatic colorimetric endpoint method with GOD-POD. (GOD: glucose oxidase, POD: peroxidase) Schweiz med Wschr 1971 101: 345 and 390.
Burnstein M . Precipitation method with phosphotungstic acid and magnesium chloride J Lipid Res 1970 11: 583.
Nagele U . Enzymatic colorimetric endpoint method with GPO-POD. (GPO: glycerol-3-phosphate-oxidase, POD: peroxidase.) Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1984 22: 165.
Roeschlau P, Bernt E, Gruber WJ . Enzymatic colorimetric endpoint method with CHOD-POD. (CHOD: cholesterol oxidase, POD: peroxidase.) Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1974 12: 403.
Romics L, Szollár L, Zajkás G . Management of arteriosclerosis-related lipid metabolism disorders. Recommendations of the Hungarian Lipid Consensus Conference. [In Hungarian.] Orv Hetil 1993 134: 227–238.
Alberti KGMM . Impaired glucose tolerance—fact or fiction Diabetic Med 1996 2/13 (Suppl): 6–8.
Jones NL . Clinical exercise testing WB Saunders Co.: Philadelphia, PA 1988.
Beaver WL, Wasserman K, Whipp BJ . A new method for detecting anaerobic threshold by gas exchange J Appl Physiol 1986 60: 2020–2027.
Zanconato S, Baraldi E, Santuz P, Rigon F, Vido L, Da Dalt L, Zacchello F . Gas exchange during exercise in obese children Eur J Pediatr 1989 148: 614–617.
Csábi Gy, Molnár D, Hartmann G . Urinary sodium excretion: association with hyperinsulinaemia, hypertension and sympathetic nervous system activity in obese and control children Eur J Pediatr 1996 155: 895–897.
Landsberg L . Fasting, feeding and regulation of the sympathetic nervous system New Engl J Med 1978 298: 1295–1301.
Berne C, Fagins J, Pollare T, Hemjdahl P . The sympathetic response to euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia Diabetologia 1992 35: 873–879.
Rowe JW, Young JB, Minaker KL, Steven AL, Palotta J, Landsberg L . Effect of insulin and glucose infusion on sympathetic nervous system activity in normal man Diabetes 1981 30: 219–225.
Schwartz M, Marks J, Sipols AJ, Baskin DG, Woods CS, Kahn SE, Porte JR . Central insulin administration reduces neuropeptide Y mRNA expression in the arcuate nucleus of food-deprived lean (Fa/Fa) but not obese (fa/fa) zucker rats Endocrinology 1991 128: 2645–2647.
Egawa M, Yoshimatsu H, Braz GA . Neuropeptide Y suppresses sympathetic activity in interscapular brown adipose tissue in rats Am J Physiol 1991 260: 328–334.
Acknowledgements
The project was supported in part by the Hungarian National Research Fund (OTKA T-026663 to DM and 33/2000 to DM), and by the Hungarian Ministry of Welfare (081/1996 to DM).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Török, K., Szelényi, Z., Pórszász, J. et al. Low physical performance in obese adolescent boys with metabolic syndrome. Int J Obes 25, 966–970 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801646
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801646
Keywords
This article is cited by
-
A specific prediction equation is necessary to estimate peak oxygen uptake in obese patients with metabolic syndrome
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation (2016)
-
Adolescents with metabolic syndrome have a history of low aerobic fitness and physical activity levels
Dynamic Medicine (2008)
-
Age-and gender-related variations of leg power output and body composition in severely obese children and adolescents
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation (2006)