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| Open AccessA zwitterionic near-infrared fluorophore for real-time ureter identification during laparoscopic abdominopelvic surgery
Iatrogenic injury of the ureters is a feared complication of laparoscopic abdominal surgery. Here the authors present the NIR fluorophore ZW800-1 as an intraoperative imaging agent for ureter mapping, showing its safety, pharmacokinetic properties, and efficacy in healthy volunteers and patients undergoing abdominopelvic surgery.
- Kim S. de Valk
- , Henricus J. Handgraaf
- & Alexander L. Vahrmeijer