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| Open AccessSomatic cell fate maintenance in mouse fetal testes via autocrine/paracrine action of AMH and activin B
Fate determination and maintenance of foetal testes in most animals occurs cell autonomously. Here the authors show in mouse XY embryos that Sertoli cell derived AMH and activin B together maintain Sertoli cell identity, and lack of both AMH and activin B leads to transdifferentiation into female granulosa cells.
- Karina F. Rodriguez
- , Paula R. Brown
- & Humphrey Hung-Chang Yao
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Article
| Open AccessRANKL regulates male reproductive function
There are few treatments for male infertility. Here, the authors show that the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) signalling pathway has important functions in sperm production and maturation, improves fertility in male mice and shows potential as a male infertility target.
- Martin Blomberg Jensen
- , Christine Hjorth Andreassen
- & Anders Juul
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Article
| Open AccessIn vivo transplantation of 3D encapsulated ovarian constructs in rats corrects abnormalities of ovarian failure
Cell-based hormone replacement therapy (cHRT) may be an alternative therapy to pharmacological (p)HRT. Here, the authors show that implanted 3D bioengineered ovarian constructs of granulosa and theca cells in ovariectomized rats recapitulate native cell interactions and improve efficacy compared to similar doses of pHRT.
- Sivanandane Sittadjody
- , Justin M. Saul
- & Emmanuel C. Opara
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Article
| Open AccessNovel role for anti-Müllerian hormone in the regulation of GnRH neuron excitability and hormone secretion
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) plays a role in sexual differentiation and gonadal function, but extra-gonadal effects of AMH are not known. Here Cimino et al. show that AMH activates a subset of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-releasing neurons, contributing to luteinizing hormone secretion from the pituitary gland.
- Irene Cimino
- , Filippo Casoni
- & Paolo Giacobini
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Article
| Open AccessCausal mechanisms and balancing selection inferred from genetic associations with polycystic ovary syndrome
This paper describes the largest genome-wide association study to date on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common reproductive disorder in women. Six genetic loci—including known targets of cancer chemotherapy—were identified, and the authors infer causal and balancing selection mechanisms involved in PCOS risk and susceptibility.
- Felix R. Day
- , David A. Hinds
- & John R. B. Perry
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Article
| Open AccessGenome-wide association of polycystic ovary syndrome implicates alterations in gonadotropin secretion in European ancestry populations
Polycystic Ovary Sydrome is a highly heritable, complex reproductive disorder with unknown underlying genetic factors. Here Hayes and Urbanek et al. identify three loci in European women strongly associated with neuroendocrine changes and disease susceptibility.
- M. Geoffrey Hayes
- , Margrit Urbanek
- & Andrea Dunaif