Article
|
Open Access
Featured
-
-
Article
| Open AccessSpectroscopic visualization of reversible hydrogen spillover between palladium and metal–organic frameworks toward catalytic semihydrogenation
The authors report an in situ investigation of interfacial hydrogen spillover in Pd/ZIF-8 structures with X-ray and Raman techniques. A mechanistic picture of how Pd/ZIF-8 catalyst mediate alkyne semihydrogenation to alkynes is described.
- Qiaoxi Liu
- , Wenjie Xu
- & Yujie Xiong
-
Article
| Open AccessLayer-polarized ferromagnetism in rhombohedral multilayer graphene
Rhombohedral multilayer graphene has emerged as an exciting solid-state platform for studying correlated electron physics. Here, the authors demonstrate field-tunable layer-polarized ferromagnetism and isolated surface flat bands engineered with a moiré potential.
- Wenqiang Zhou
- , Jing Ding
- & Shuigang Xu
-
Article
| Open AccessDirect visualization of stacking-selective self-intercalation in epitaxial Nb1+xSe2 films
The interplay between stacking configurations and atom intercalation in van der Waals materials has been rarely characterized at the microscopic level. Here, the authors report an electron microscopy study of stacking-selective self-intercalation in Nb1+xSe2 films, showing potential for nanoscale engineering of electronic properties in van der Waals materials and devices.
- Hongguang Wang
- , Jiawei Zhang
- & Hidenori Takagi
-
Article
| Open AccessToward sub-second solution exchange dynamics in flow reactors for liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy
In liquid-phase TEM, microfluidic reactors are used to monitor nanoscale (electro)chemical dynamics in liquid environments. Here, the authors develop a reactor design with accelerated mass transport, facilitating quantitative in-situ and in-operando studies.
- Stefan Merkens
- , Christopher Tollan
- & Andrey Chuvilin
-
Article
| Open AccessElectrically driven amplification of terahertz acoustic waves in graphene
Electron–phonon interactions are a crucial aspect of high-quality graphene devices. Here, the authors show that graphene resistivity grows strongly in the direction of the carrier flow when the drift velocity exceeds the speed of sound due to the electrical amplification of acoustic terahertz phonons.
- Aaron H. Barajas-Aguilar
- , Jasen Zion
- & Javier D. Sanchez-Yamagishi
-
Article
| Open AccessOxygen-independent organic photosensitizer with ultralow-power NIR photoexcitation for tumor-specific photodynamic therapy
Conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) is hindered by oxygen-dependent photosensitization pathways and high-power-density photoexcitation. Here, the authors develop polymer-based organic photosensitizers (PSs) through PS skeleton design and side-chain engineering to allow tumor-specific PDT under oxygen-free conditions using ultralow-power 808 nm photoexcitation.
- Yufu Tang
- , Yuanyuan Li
- & Bin Liu
-
Article
| Open AccessUltrafast all-optical second harmonic wavefront shaping
Enhancing the data encoding into the orbital angular momentum of light beams could enable faster and more efficient optical communications. This work demonstrates complex control of the second harmonic wavefront with dynamics solely limited by the pulse duration.
- Artem Sinelnik
- , Shiu Hei Lam
- & Isabelle Staude
-
Article
| Open AccessHigh performance artificial visual perception and recognition with a plasmon-enhanced 2D material neural network
Here, the authors demonstrate a low-power neuromorphic visual architecture based on a plasmon-enhanced 2D semiconductor phototransistor array, showing high-speed sensing, preprocessing and image recognition functionalities.
- Tian Zhang
- , Xin Guo
- & Linjun Li
-
Article
| Open AccessHighly parallel and ultra-low-power probabilistic reasoning with programmable gaussian-like memory transistors
Probabilistic inference hardware prevents overconfidence. Lee et al. report a Gaussian-like memory transistor using p-n junction coupled with separate floating gate, offering precise control of the Gaussian outputs, simplified circuit design, and low power consumption for inference computing.
- Changhyeon Lee
- , Leila Rahimifard
- & Sung Gap Im
-
Article
| Open AccessFerroelectric compute-in-memory annealer for combinatorial optimization problems
Yin et al. realize a FeFET based compute-in-memory annealer as an efficient combinatorial optimization solver through algorithm-hardware co-design with a FeFET chip, matrix lossless compression, and a multi-epoch simulated annealing algorithm.
- Xunzhao Yin
- , Yu Qian
- & Kai Ni
-
Article
| Open AccessButton shear testing for adhesion measurements of 2D materials
2D materials are being investigated for several applications in micro- and nanoelectronics, but their weak adhesion represents a critical challenge for device integration. Here, the authors propose a button shear testing method to evaluate the adhesion forces of various large-area 2D films on SiO2 and Si3N4 substrates.
- Josef Schätz
- , Navin Nayi
- & Max C. Lemme
-
Article
| Open AccessLight and matter co-confined multi-photon lithography
Mask-free multi-photon lithography allows the straightforward fabrication of nanostructures, but high precision and good resolution can be challenging to achieve. Here, the authors report a combination of photo-inhibition and chemical quenchers for improved lithography performance.
- Lingling Guan
- , Chun Cao
- & Xu Liu
-
Article
| Open AccessBroadened quantum critical ground state in a disordered superconducting thin film
The authors present Nernst measurements on a 2D film of amorphous MoxGe1−x, which shows a magnetic-field-induced superconductor-metal-insulator transition. The intermediate metal phase is known as the “anomalous metal” (AM) state. The authors conclude that the AM state originates from broadening of the superconductor-insulator transition.
- Koichiro Ienaga
- , Yutaka Tamoto
- & Satoshi Okuma
-
Article
| Open AccessLanthanide luminescence nanothermometer with working wavelength beyond 1500 nm for cerebrovascular temperature imaging in vivo
The strong scattering of biological tissue causes challenges when monitoring temperature changes at the microscale. Here, the authors propose a nanothermometer based on lanthanide luminescence, enabling minimally invasive imaging of the cerebrovascular system of mice at nearly 200 μm resolution.
- Yukai Wu
- , Fang Li
- & Xingjun Zhu
-
Article
| Open AccessPhotooxidation triggered ultralong afterglow in carbon nanodots
Biocompatible afterglow materials have potential in imaging applications, but are challenging to prepare. Here the authors report the development of carbon nanodots with near-infrared afterglow, and demonstrate their use in imaging for tumour resection.
- Guang-Song Zheng
- , Cheng-Long Shen
- & Chong-Xin Shan
-
Article
| Open AccessNear-field detection of gate-tunable anisotropic plasmon polaritons in black phosphorus at terahertz frequencies
Polaritons in 2D materials offer the possibility to confine and manipulate light in the terahertz (THz) range. Here, the authors report the observation of THz elliptic plasmon polaritons in 2D black phosphorus, showing deep subwavelength light confinement and anisotropic polariton propagation.
- Eva A. A. Pogna
- , Valentino Pistore
- & Miriam S. Vitiello
-
Article
| Open AccessMonolithic thin-film lithium niobate broadband spectrometer with one nanometre resolution
A framework to break the inherent trade-off barrier between spectral resolution and operational bandwidth of integrated optical spectrometers is developed and demonstrated on thin-film lithium niobate without sacrificing the compact footprint.
- Giovanni Finco
- , Gaoyuan Li
- & Rachel Grange
-
Article
| Open AccessGraphene-integrated mesh electronics with converged multifunctionality for tracking multimodal excitation-contraction dynamics in cardiac microtissues
Tracking electrical and mechanical activity in in-vitro cardiac microtissues is challenging. Here, authors develop tissue-like electronics that can ‘grow’ with the cardiac microtissues and realize the simultaneous tracking of both signals.
- Hongyan Gao
- , Zhien Wang
- & Jun Yao
-
Article
| Open AccessSi/SiGe QuBus for single electron information-processing devices with memory and micron-scale connectivity function
Electron spin qubits in SiGe dots have emerged as promising candidates for quantum information processing. Here the authors demonstrate conveyor-mode single electron shuttling in a Si/SiGe quantum dot device spanning the length of 10 micrometres and operated with a small number of controls
- Ran Xue
- , Max Beer
- & Lars R. Schreiber
-
Article
| Open AccessHigher order gaps in the renormalized band structure of doubly aligned hBN/bilayer graphene moiré superlattice
In moiré superlattices, a multitude of higher order Bragg gaps and van Hove singularities emerges as the band structure renormalizes. Here, the authors map these gaps uniquely to the recently predicted topological Bragg indices of the underlying supermoiré lattice.
- Mohit Kumar Jat
- , Priya Tiwari
- & Aveek Bid
-
Article
| Open AccessAtomically precise engineering of spin–orbit polarons in a kagome magnetic Weyl semimetal
Defect engineering in topological materials is a frontier that promises tunable physical properties with rich applications. Here, the authors demonstrate the atomically precise engineering of vacancies in a topological semimetal, which locally tunes the magnetic properties.
- Hui Chen
- , Yuqing Xing
- & Hong-Jun Gao
-
Article
| Open AccessHigh figure-of-merit for ZnO nanostructures by interfacing lowly-oxidized graphene quantum dots
It is crucial to design ZnO with uniform nanoscale features to reduce thermal conductivity while maintaining electrical conduction pathways. Authors realize a high figure-of-merit value of 0.486 at 580 K by interfacing graphene quantum dots with three-dimensional nanostructured ZnO.
- Myungwoo Choi
- , Juyoung An
- & Seokwoo Jeon
-
Article
| Open AccessIntragrain impurity annihilation for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
The detrimental effects of intragrain impurity nanoclusters on the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells remain unexplored. Here, the authors study the intragrain impurity annihilation by in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy and adopt a laser stimulus to heal such impurity.
- Songhua Cai
- , Zhipeng Li
- & Yuanyuan Zhou
-
Article
| Open AccessTriggered contraction of self-assembled micron-scale DNA nanotube rings
Contractile rings are formed from cytoskeletal filaments, specific crosslinkers and motor proteins during cell division. Here, authors form micron-scale contractile DNA rings from DNA nanotubes and synthetic crosslinkers, with both simulations and experiments showing ring contraction without motor proteins, offering a potential first step towards synthetic cell division machinery.
- Maja Illig
- , Kevin Jahnke
- & Kerstin Göpfrich
-
Article
| Open AccessUltra-fast switching memristors based on two-dimensional materials
In this work, the authors demonstrate a 2D memristor with high switching speeds of 120 ps and study its dynamic response with 3 ns short voltage pulses using statistical analysis, simulation, and modeling.
- S. S. Teja Nibhanupudi
- , Anupam Roy
- & Sanjay K. Banerjee
-
Article
| Open AccessControlled formation of three-dimensional cavities during lateral epitaxial growth
Substrate patterning offers additional degrees of freedom to engineer the structure and function of a semiconductor device. Here, fully-enclosed germanium cavities, with size and position tunable through the initial mask pattern, can be created through an unexpected self-assembly process.
- Yiwen Zhang
- , Baoming Wang
- & Rui-Tao Wen
-
Article
| Open AccessPushing the thinness limit of silver films for flexible optoelectronic devices via ion-beam thinning-back process
The use of thin silver films with nanometric thickness for optoelectronic devices is essential for high transparency, flexibility, and electrical properties. Ma et al. report a thinning-back process with a flood ion beam, to further reduce film thickness down to 4.5 nm.
- Dongxu Ma
- , Ming Ji
- & Huigao Duan
-
Article
| Open AccessLiquid metals for boosting stability of zeolite catalysts in the conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons
For the methanol-to-hydrocarbons process, coke build can rapidly deactivate the zeolite catalyst. Here the authors show that the addition of liquid metal gallium can reduce coke deposition and increase catalyst lifetime.
- Yong Zhou
- , Sara Santos
- & Vitaly V. Ordomsky
-
Article
| Open AccessRegulating ion affinity and dehydration of metal-organic framework sub-nanochannels for high-precision ion separation
Understanding ion transport mechanisms in confined environments is key to achieving efficient membrane-based ion separation. Here, the authors regulate the ion affinity and dehydration in metal-organic framework sub-nanochannels and achieve a high-precise mono-/di-valent cation separation.
- Ri-Jian Mo
- , Shuang Chen
- & Zhong-Qiu Li
-
Article
| Open AccessArea-selective atomic layer deposition on 2D monolayer lateral superlattices
Area selective atomic layer deposition (AS-ALD) has been recently proposed as a controlled growth method, but the patterning resolution and selectivity require improvements. Here, the authors report a superlattice-based AS-ALD method to deposit various materials onto 2D MoS2-MoSe2 lateral superlattices, with a minimum half-pitch size of ~ 10 nm.
- Jeongwon Park
- , Seung Jae Kwak
- & Kibum Kang
-
Article
| Open AccessMagnetic droplet soliton pairs
A spin torque nano-oscillator consists of a free magnetic layer and a reference magnetic layer. Many works have examined the behaviour of droplet solitons in the free magnetic layer. Here, Jiang et al. extend this to pair of droplet solitons, with one in the free layer and one in the reference layer.
- S. Jiang
- , S. Chung
- & J. Åkerman
-
Article
| Open AccessProton-selective coating enables fast-kinetics high-mass-loading cathodes for sustainable zinc batteries
Sluggish Zn2+-dominated Faradic reactions lead to suboptimal charge-storage capacity and durability of aqueous zinc battery cathodes. Here, the authors present a proton-selective interfacial coating strategy that enables high-performance cathodes with fast-kinetics proton-dominated Faradic reactions.
- Quanquan Guo
- , Wei Li
- & Xinliang Feng
-
Article
| Open AccessTri-system integration in metal-oxide nanocomposites via in-situ solution-processed method for ultrathin flexible transparent electrodes
Fabricating flexible transparent electrodes with robust operational stability alongside electrical and mechanical properties is challenging. Here, Kim et al. develop ultrathin flexible transparent electrodes using in-situ solution-processing and unveil interface dynamics of the integrated tri-system.
- John Jinwook Kim
- , Kojima Shuji
- & Wallace C. H. Choy
-
Article
| Open AccessCholesterol-modified sphingomyelin chimeric lipid bilayer for improved therapeutic delivery
Cholesterol (Chol) transfer from lipid bilayer jeopardizes membrane stability and causes premature payload leakage, yielding suboptimal efficacy. Here, the authors report a Chol-modified sphingomyelin (SM) bilayer via covalently conjugating Chol to SM, which retains Chol condensing ability and improves pharmacokinetics and therapeutic delivery of various drugs in diverse disease animal models.
- Zhiren Wang
- , Wenpan Li
- & Jianqin Lu
-
Article
| Open AccessNeuromorphic antennal sensory system
Artificial sensory systems are often limited in structure and functionality. Here, Jiang et al. report a neuromorphic antennal sensory system that achieves spatiotemporal perception of vibrotactile and magnetic stimuli, showcasing biomimetic perceptual intelligence.
- Chengpeng Jiang
- , Honghuan Xu
- & Wentao Xu
-
Article
| Open AccessIn situ electrochemical regeneration of nanogap hotspots for continuously reusable ultrathin SERS sensors
SERS is a powerful analytical technique, but achieving reproducibility for continuous analysis a challenge. Here, the authors report a SERS substrate recycling method that enables direct analysis of complex samples without substrate contamination.
- Sarah May Sibug-Torres
- , David-Benjamin Grys
- & Jeremy J. Baumberg
-
Article
| Open AccessRectifying artificial nanochannels with multiple interconvertible permeability states
Transmembrane channels have inspired the development of biomimetic channels. Here, the authors present a class of artificial nanochannels based on DNAzyme-functionalized glass nanopipettes to allow for the control of channel permeability.
- Ruocan Qian
- , Mansha Wu
- & Yi Lu
-
Article
| Open AccessAn artificial protein modulator reprogramming neuronal protein functions
Direct modulation of protein by artificial catalysts as enzyme mimetics remains hindered by the lack of highly efficient catalytic centers. Here, the authors present the development of artificial protein modulators (APROMs) with protein phosphatase-like characteristics, catalytically reprogram the biological function of α-synuclein.
- Peihua Lin
- , Bo Zhang
- & Daishun Ling
-
Article
| Open AccessOptically addressable spin defects coupled to bound states in the continuum metasurfaces
Previous research reported enhanced emission from spin defects in hBN by coupling to optical resonators; however, this approach has limited scalability. Here the authors use a monolithic metasurface featuring quasi bound states fabricated from hBN to enhance photoemission and optical spin-readout efficiency of defects in the same material.
- Luca Sortino
- , Angus Gale
- & Andreas Tittl
-
Article
| Open AccessCrystallization of molecular layers produced under confinement onto a surface
Molecules arranged in close proximity to a surface form molecular layers, exhibiting distinct properties. However, the creation of these layers is challenging. Here, the authors present a technique for generating molecular layers through crystallization induced by gas blowing onto a surface.
- Jincheng Tong
- , Nathan de Bruyn
- & Cinzia Casiraghi
-
Review Article
| Open AccessHardware implementation of memristor-based artificial neural networks
Memristors hold promise for massively-parallel computing at low power. Aguirre et al. provide a comprehensive protocol of the materials and methods for designing memristive artificial neural networks with the detailed working principles of each building block and the tools for performance evaluation.
- Fernando Aguirre
- , Abu Sebastian
- & Mario Lanza
-
Article
| Open AccessPrediction of highly stable 2D carbon allotropes based on azulenoid kekulene
Discovery of 2D materials with useful electronic properties is challenging. Here, the authors use DFT to design a stable semiconducting 2D carbon allotrope for optoelectronic applications that has light charge carriers and unusual secondary bandgap.
- Zhenzhe Zhang
- , Hanh D. M. Pham
- & Rustam Z. Khaliullin
-
Article
| Open AccessExtensive photochemical restructuring of molecule-metal surfaces under room light
The nature of the molecule-metal interface is crucial for many technological applications. Here, the authors show that the photostability of the material can be sensitive to room light when coated with a single molecular layer, with implications for devices and processes.
- Chenyang Guo
- , Philip Benzie
- & Jeremy J. Baumberg
-
Article
| Open AccessSpatiotemporal control of photochromic upconversion through interfacial energy transfer
Achieving spatiotemporal control of photochromic upconversion from a single lanthanide emitter remains challenging. Here, the authors present a conceptual model enabling such control of Er3+ photochromic upconversion via interfacial energy transfer in a core-shell nanostructure.
- Long Yan
- , Jinshu Huang
- & Bo Zhou
-
Article
| Open AccessDynamic control of DNA condensation
Artificial biomolecular condensates are valuable tools to study the design principles of phase separation. Here, the authors demonstrate and characterize a model system of artificial DNA condensates whose kinetic formation and dissolution depends on DNA inputs that activate or deactivate the phase separating DNA subunits.
- Siddharth Agarwal
- , Dino Osmanovic
- & Elisa Franco
-
Article
| Open AccessCoherent control of enhanced second-harmonic generation in a plasmonic nanocircuit using a transition metal dichalcogenide monolayer
Here, the authors integrate monolayer MoSe2 with a plasmonic nanocircuit and demonstrate the coherent selective routing of the enhanced nonlinear optical signal emitted by the 2D semiconductor, with routing extinction ratios up to 14.86 dB.
- Pei-Yuan Wu
- , Wei-Qing Lee
- & Chen-Bin Huang
-
Article
| Open AccessElectron/infrared-phonon coupling in ABC trilayer graphene
Via Raman and infrared spectroscopy measurements, X. Zan et al. find that rhombohedral ABC trilayer graphene has stronger electron/infrared-phonon coupling than Bernal ABA trilayer graphene.
- Xiaozhou Zan
- , Xiangdong Guo
- & Guangyu Zhang
-
Article
| Open AccessFerromagnetism on an atom-thick & extended 2D metal-organic coordination network
Despite having all the ingredients required for the formation of two-dimensional ferromagnetism, achieving such a magnetic state in atomically thin metal-organic coordination networks has proved to be a persistent challenge. Here, Lobo-Checa et al demonstrate 2Dferromagnetism in a self-assembled network, exhibiting coercive fields over 2 Tesla and a Curie temperature of 35K.
- Jorge Lobo-Checa
- , Leyre Hernández-López
- & Fernando Bartolomé
-
Article
| Open AccessBoosting exciton mobility approaching Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit in Ruddlesden−Popper perovskites by anchoring the organic cation
Exciton transport in 2D Ruddlesden−Popper perovskite plays a key role for their optoelectronic performance. Here, authors significantly enhance free exciton mobilities in exfoliated thin flakes by anchoring butyl ammonium cation with polymethyl methacrylate, which also improves lattice rigidity.
- Yiyang Gong
- , Shuai Yue
- & Xinfeng Liu