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Palladium-based catalysts are highly effective for the complete oxidation of methane. Here, the authors employ operando transmission electron microscopy, near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations to investigate the active state and catalytic function of Pd nanoparticles in methane oxidation.
Elevation of IL-6 during cancer progression has been shown to drive cancer cachexia, however, while brain dysfunction has been reported, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, the authors identify neurons in the area postrema as a mediator of peripheral IL-6 in preclinical models of cancer cachexia.
Mitochondrial tRNAs are less structurally stable than nuclear tRNAs, and their maturation pathway is unique. Here, the authors reveal how human mitochondrial precursor tRNAs are recognised, processed, methylated and prepared for full functionality in mitochondrial translation.
This study presents EMDiffuse, a software suite based on diffusion models which augments electron microscopy imaging. EMDiffuse enhances electron microscopy images and enables isotropic reconstruction of volume electron microscopy data, suitable for investigating biological nanostructures.
Modeled results show that rooftop solar reduced energy burden for most adopters in 2021 from a median of 3.3% to 2.6% with the average adopter seeing a 0.6 point ($691 annual) reduction in burden, accounting for costs, incentives, and savings.
Hematopoietic stem cells are generated during development, though how and when they become dormant long term-HSCs remains unclear. Here they show that retinoic acid receptor levels are regulated by a IκBα-PRC2 axis in HSCs, and that IκBα KO mice have HSCs that are fewer in number, but functionally and molecularly more dormant.
Room temperature phosphorescent polymers have potential in a range of applications, but achieving the desired properties can be challenging. Here, the authors report the development of such polymer materials by doping with polyaromatic hydrocarbons.
Tungsten trioxide (WO3) is considered the most promising photocatalyst for the highly selective oxidation of methane to formaldehyde, though the origins of its catalytic activity and reaction mechanism are still debated. Here, the authors use WO3 with {001} and {110} facets as model photocatalysts, demonstrating that the photocatalytic oxidation of methane to formaldehyde in WO3 depends on the surface structure, leading to different formaldehyde selectivity.
Results show meaningful variations in electric vehicle costs and emissions benefits across the United States, differing by vehicle category and charging systems: Direct Current Fast Charging, Battery Swapping, and Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer.
Enhancing the efficiency of solar-driven water splitting is challenging but highly interesting. Here the authors report a dual spin-controlled 2D/3D perovskite photoelectrode that achieves 12.55% efficiency by utilizing the chiral-induced spin selectivity phenomenon.
Miniature passive fliers are of interest, but there are challenges in controlling their motion. Here, the authors report the use of light-responsive thin films for optical control of the gliding of passive fliers.
A variant telomerase template demonstrates that human telomeres can tolerate significant degeneracy and remain functional. Once incorporated by telomerase, variant sequences can influence telomere length dynamics.
Empirically observed regiochemistries indicate that the CF2H radical has a nucleophilic character similar to alkyl radicals, but the CF3 radical is electrophilic in reactions with heterocycles. Here, the authors report DFT calculations, reproducing experimental selectivities and leading to an explanation of this difference.
Patient-derived xenografts are important tools for cancer drug development. Here, the authors develop models from 22 non-small cell lung cancer patients. They show genomic differences between models created from different spatial regions of tumours and a bottleneck on model establishment.
Selection drives divergence between species, contributing to speciation, while simultaneously favoring extensive diversity that is maintained across populations within a species. This study demonstrates how the selection landscape is complex and multidimensional across three species of Phlox flowers.
The low photoluminescence quantum yield of near-infrared (NIR) emitters has limited their application in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Here, authors realize NIR OLEDs through interfacial energy transfer from platinum(II) complexes to a non-fullerene acceptor based on a sandwiched structure.
This study maps global tree composition in forests and assesses the impacts of historical forest cover loss and climate change. The results highlight the need for preserving the remaining large forest biomes, while regenerating degraded forests in a way that provides resilience against climate change.
Central memory CD8+ T cells (Tcm) are important for lasting anti-tumour immunity and their differentiation is determined by underpinning transcriptional and metabolic regulation. Authors here show that although microwave ablation (MWA) cancer therapy induces T cells to acquire some of the gene expression features of Tcms, but the full metabolic remodeling required for functionality is only achieved if glycolysis is inhibited simultaneously.