An RNA sequencing study comparing juvenile cattle horn buds to growing deer antler tissues finds gene expression patterns that support homology of horns and antlers relative to a cranial-appendage-lacking outgroup.

Using multi-isotope analysis of tooth enamel of reindeer, equids and mammoth from the archaeological sites of Königsaue and Breitenbach, the authors identify shifts in ranging behaviour of these hominin prey species during the Last Glacial Period in Central Germany.

A human fMRI study shows that defensive cardiac states moderate the neural computations of reward and threat value underlying approach-avoidance arbitration.

A review synthesizes interplays between photoperiodism and circadian regulation of the vegetative to reproductive transition in Arabidopsis and crops in responses to changing day lengths that ensures optimal timing for flowering and seed production.

The authors develop a web resource to present pan-cancer mutations in 32 major types of cancer. This new online somatic mutations atlas, OncoDB is publicly available at https://oncodb.org.

fMCI experiments on soft PDMS surfaces and mathematical models suggest that – in the low MPa range – increasing material compliance boosts neuron adhesion, clustering, and communication, impacting tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

This study reports a unexpected role in endothelial cells (ECs) for PCK2 in proteostasis, independent of its gluconeogenic activity. Perturbation of this role likely contributed to the angiogenic defects observed in ECs with reduced PCK2 levels.

A DADA2 zebrafish model with cecr1b deficiency was generated. Characterization of hematopoietic processes revealed a role of Cecr1b in regulating inflammation and hematopoietic stem cell production through the A_2br-mediated adenosine signaling.

This study illustrates consistent declines in shark functional richness which corresponds with declining ecological functioning and a community shift from targeted apex sharks to a greater functional richness of non-target species.

Single nucleus RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics reveal a detailed picture of the cichlid fish forebrain. Comparisons with atlases in other vertebrates uncover striking transcriptional similarities and lend new insights into forebrain evolution.

This comment reports on work done at Harvard Medical School to identify areas for improvement in research rigor, reproducibility, and responsibility in pursuit of continued research excellence.

Documentation of women’s inclusion in Indian academia and conferences by BiasWatchIndia reveals the scale of underrepresentation of women across science, technology, engineering and mathematics.

In 2023, we conducted a virtual program to introduce early-career researchers to the fundamentals of academic journal editing. Here, we reflect on the mission of this program and its outcomes.

A comment article summarizing a range of research activities that contribute to understanding evolving Māori perspectives on Gene Editing and how they might contribute to future regulation.

Nanoparticle therapy continues to be an attractive avenue of targeted and personalised therapies. A molecular nano-conjugate developed by Zeng et al. effectively targets cancer cells and aids in their diagnosis, therapy, and also optimises innate immune responses.