Viral pathogenesis articles from across Nature Portfolio

Knowledge of pathogenesis mechanisms and effective treatments for viral myocarditis is lacking. Here, Wang et al show that loss of TRIM29 and PERK inhibitor mitigate viral myocarditis by attenuating PERK-driven ER stress and ROS responses in male mice.

The chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR7 synergistically regulate recruitment of inflammatory monocytes from the bone marrow to the brain of mice infected with La Crosse and Herpes Simplex virus.

Host factors required for parechovirus entry are not well understood. Here, the authors identify MYADM as an essential host entry factor that directly binds human parechovirus 1 and that is required for PeV-A infection in cell lines and human gastrointestinal epithelial organoids.

The VP53 protein, which is expressed from RNA2 of broad bean wilt virus 2 (genus Fabavirus, family Secoviridae) through ribosomal leaky scanning, is essential for the successful systemic infection of the virus.

Laboratory and clinical strains of Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus use LDLR to bind and enter host cells in blood vessel organoids and mice. Infection can also occur through ApoE, possibly present on virus particles.

Le Buanec, Schiavon, Merandet et al. study the underlying immune responses for the elevation of IFNα that occurs during an antiretroviral treatment interruption in HIV patients. IFNα mediated induction of CCR5 is shown to promote pathogenic phenotype, while elite controllers avoid this by an unknown genetic factor or a low inoculum infection.

This study shows that a single-stranded RNA phage binds to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type IV pilus, leading to phage entry into the cell and the detachment of the pilus, which impairs bacterial motility.

Human norovirus infection is a major global health concern, but a suitable animal model is lacking. We have established repeated infection with human norovirus in rhesus macaques via oral challenge. Animals demonstrate virus shedding in the stool and subsequent serum antibody responses, and virus replication is detected in the small intestine.

Recovery and characterization of the wild-type pangolin coronavirus GD strain helps determine whether these viruses present risks for human transmission and an emerging threat to public health.

This study shows that intercellular long extensions promote the evasion of antibody neutralization and the efficient intercellular transmission of chikungunya virus in vitro and in vivo.

This study suggests that pre-existing DENV immunity has a negative effect on the pathogenesis of secondary ZIKV infection during pregnancy in marmosets.

This study reports a mechanism of norovirus-induced cell death that promotes viral egress.